Storm Spotting

Reporting Severe Weather

Reporting severe weather is essential! Regardless of the reporting method, each report must include the time & location of the event (and direction looking if applicable). Pictures tell a thousand words, but not when and where the weather occurred! If you do send photos, please let us know if you grant permission for us to use them in future spotter talks and outreach presentations.

How to Report:

Online: Use one of our online reporting forms (Form 1 or Form 2)! For reporting tornadoes, please use our 1-800-SKYWARN telephone line.

Email: nws.desmoines@noaa.gov - A great way to include pictures & video.

Text Message: (515) 207-2615 - Text us reports and your phone photos/videos.

Telephone: (800) SKYWARN - Must have been through severe weather spotter training and belong to a spotter network to use this line! Refer to materials received during spotter training.

Facebook: Visit our Facebook page and post a severe weather report to our wall.

X (Twitter): - Tweet us your reports by including the #iawx or #nwsdmx hashtag or send them directly to @NWSDesMoines.

Amateur Radio: – The National Weather Service group amateur radio call-sign is KØDMX.

What to Report:

With any report, please include your location (city or distance from city, street intersection, lat./lon.), the time of the event, and who you are (public, spotter #, law enforcement, etc.)

Tornadoes

• Distance & direction from your location
• Movement (tornado direction & speed)
• Impacts: Damage, injuries, or deaths
• Tornado Behavior: Growing larger? Roping out?

Wall Clouds & Funnel Clouds

• Wall cloud: Rotating? Persistent?
• Funnel Cloud: How far to the ground
• Visible rotation with the funnel?
• Dust or debris below the funnel?
  (if so, you have a tornado!)

 

Hail

• Diameter of the largest hailstone (estimated or measured)
• DO NOT report marble-sized hail!! Marbles vary widely in size
• Damage to windows, cars, crops, etc.

Hail Size	Inches
Pea	1/4
Dime	1/2
Penny	3/4
Nickel	7/8
Quarter	1
Half Dollar	1 1/4
Ping Pong Ball	1 1/2
Golf Ball	1 3/4
Hen Egg	2
Tennis Ball	2 1/2
Baseball	2 3/4
Softball	4
Grapefruit	4 1/2

Damaging Winds

• Wind speed (estimated or measured)
• Damage to trees, power lines, and structures
• Trees: Diameter of limbs snapped off and health of tree (old or rotten?)

Speed (mph)	Designation	Description
<1	Calm	Smoke rises vertically
1-3	Light air	Smoke drift indicates wind direction
4-7	Light breeze	Weather vane moves, leaves rustle
8-12	Light breeze	Leaves and twigs in constant motion
13-18	Mod breeze	Dust raised, small branches move
19-24	Fresh breeze	Small trees sway
25-31	Strong breeze	Large branches move
32-38	Moderate gale	Whole trees move, walking affected
39-46	Fresh gale	Twigs break off trees, walking difficult
47-54	Strong gale	Minor structural damage
55-63	Whole gale	Large tree branches break
64-74	Storm	Widespread damage

 

Flash Flooding & Heavy Rain

• Flood Impacts: Roads, houses, etc.
• Depth of the water (estimated--use references such as cars or buildings)
• Is the water moving swiftly or slowly?
• Damage: Roads washed out, etc.
• Rainfall amounts & how quickly it fell

Snow & Ice

• Amount: (measured or estimated) Take multiple measurements and average them if possible.
• Damage or impacts such as downed power lines, snapped tree limbs, cars off the road, etc.

Reporting Across Iowa:

Live in western or eastern Iowa? Click your location below to find out how to report severe weather. The light green shaded region is serviced by the NWS in Des Moines. Other color shades denote areas covered by neighboring offices.

Outlooks, Watches & Warnings

Severe Weather Outlooks:

Day 1 Outlook	Day 2 Outlook	Day 3 Outlook	Days 4-8 Outlooks

Severe Weather Discussion, Watches, and Environmental Data:

Mesoscale Discussions	Active Watches	Outlook, Watches & Radar	Mesoanalysis Data

SPC Sounding Analysis

Central Iowa Weather and Storm Reports:

Current Radar & Warnings	Weather Story	Today's Storm Reports	Yesterday's Storm Reports

Spotter Resources

The National Weather Service (NWS) and local county emergency managers host a combination of in-person and webinar-based spotter training classes across Iowa every year between late February and late April. For more information on these classes, please see the Spotter Training tab above.

In addition to live National Weather Service spotter training presentations, there are several online training opportunities available.

Online Resources

• NWS Des Moines Spotter Training Course Notes and Registration Info (.pdf)
• Spotter Reference Guide (.pdf) - Download to use when spotting!
• Spotter's Field Guide (.pdf)
• Spotter Do's and Dont's (.pdf)
• Spotter Training  Online (ArcGIS StoryMap)
• Skywarn Spotter Training - This course was developed by COMET, a program that supports, enhances, and stimulates learning about atmospheric and related sciences. It was not developed by the National Weather Service office in Des Moines. 
  
  The goal of the course is to provide baseline training for all spotters through multiple modules covering the procedures for spotting (including communication and spotter report criteria) and safety considerations for all hazards. There are two modules available including the Role of the SKYWARN Spotter and SKYWARN Spotter Convective Basics.  Students must register on the MetEd website to take the course.
  
  To register as a spotter with the NWS in Des Moines, please follow the instructions below under "NWS Des Moines Spotter Network" section. This is in addition to registering as a SKYWARN Spotter at the end of the online course.

Central Iowa Spotter Networks

NWS Des Moines Spotter Network

The NWS Des Moines spotter network is ideal for anyone who wants to report severe weather directly to the National Weather Service! There are over 4500 spotters all 51 central Iowa counties served by the National Weather Service in Des Moines. Benefits of belonging to the network include a private 1-800 telephone line direct to the NWS in Des Moines, the issuance of a unique spotter number that identifies you and your home location in our database, and notification reminders of the upcoming spotter training season.

Interested in becoming part of our network? To join you must:

• Be 16 years of age or older -and-
• Attend a spotter training class or complete the COMET Skywarn Spotter Training course

Register or update your information online - Visit the NWS Des Moines registration page at https://www.weather.gov/dmx/registration. 

Emergency Management Spotter Networks

These groups contain fire personnel, law enforcement, local amateur radio groups, and local citizens. They are managed and maintained by the county emergency manager, or other designee. These spotter groups are highly variable depending upon the county. Most reports are sent to the NWS via the 911 Center Dispatcher, or by county EOC. A spotter can belong to both the NWS and county spotter networks!

Amateur Radio Spotter Networks

There are numerous SKYWARN amateur radio spotters across central Iowa. Amateur radio spotters can reach the amateur radio net controller at WFO Des Moines providing the linking systems are operational. During severe weather, amateur radio net controllers operate from the National Weather Service in Des Moines. Net controllers receive spotter reports from amateur radio spotters from across central Iowa. Amateur radio is an excellent way to send severe weather reports in real-time to the National Weather Service!

• Mid-Iowa Skywarn Association
• National Skywarn Page

Amateur Radio Repeaters

Amateur Radio Operators (HAMS) are a vital link in the spotter and communication network used by the NWS during severe or otherwise inclement weather and provide a reliable means of communications to NWS offices should normal communication modes fail. The following graphics depict single repeaters, linked repeater systems, or a combination thereof, which we utilize often. New repeaters continue to be installed by dedicated and hard-working hams to expand their networks. We also continue to learn of and put into use these new systems as soon as possible. For now, we will not list 2 meter and 70 cm repeaters outside of our 51 county warning area (depicted by the purple outline), unless they also serve some of our counties. If you notice errors or omissions drop us a line at dmx.spotteradmin@noaa.gov.

The repeaters shown on the map immediately below use DMR (Digital Mobile Radio) protocol.  These repeaters are capable of connection to the Des Moines Weather Forecast office. To utilize DMR for passing severe weather reports you must use the “DMX / SEOC” talkgroup.  Please remember that the DMX / SEOC talkgroup is only intended for weather and emergency traffic.  When requested by NWS personnel the SKYWARN radio operator will announce that there is a SKYWARN net.

(click to enlarge map)

The following repeater maps and information depict more traditional linked repeater networks.  Keep in mind the maps depict approximate signal coverage with radio propagation characteristics, geography, equipment reliability, etc. all affecting coverage of a given repeater. Since many of these repeaters are linked please give them a second or two to connect.

Location Freq. PL Grimes 146.610- 114.8 Williams 444.500+ 151.4 Mason City 146.760- 103.5 Scranton 444.300+ 151.4
Location Freq. PL Afton 442.400+ 151.4 Baxter 442.225+ 151.4 Bedford 443.700+ 136.5 Coralville 444.750+ 151.4 Creston 146.790+ 136.5 Greenfield 444.700+ 173.8 Grimes 443.400+ 151.4 Lenox 146.880- 136.5 Menlo 147.045+ 114.8 Osceola 147.210+ 114.8 Newton 442.300+ 151.4
Location Frequency PL Bedford 147.135+ 203.5 Des Moines 146.820- 203.5 Mason City 147.315+ 203.5 Pella 145.170- 203.5 Bedford:  For local use only, use a PL of 127.3 Des Moines:  For local use only, use a PL of 114.8 Mason City:  For local use only, use a tone of 103.5

Spotter Training

The National Weather Service (NWS) and local county emergency managers host spotter training classes across Iowa every spring. These in-person spotter training classes are offered across many counties across central Iowa. Every county in the NWS Des Moines county warning area will have the option for an in-person spotter training class at least every other year.  In addition to in-person sessions, up to three (3) virtual sessions will be offered in late March to mid April.

Both in-person and virtual training sessions are entirely free & open to new & seasoned spotters alike.

At least one "advanced" spotter class is offered and builds on what is taught in the regular class. It is intended for those who desire a deeper understanding of mesoscale and storm-scale meteorology as it relates to storm spotting. Spotters interested in attending this class should have attended an in-person spotter class as a prerequisite.

Spotter talks are open to the public on a first come, first serve basis. Prior registration is only required for certain talks, which includes Polk County and all virtual spotter training classes. The schedule at the bottom of the page includes all talks that have been scheduled to date. Scheduling usually takes place in January and February, but again not every county will have a talk.

Course Notes

Register to be a Spotter or Update Previous Information 

Please click on calendar entry below to view more information about the training session.