***All information is considered preliminary until investigations are finalized***
Overview
A low pressure system of historic strength led to a variety of high-end weather impacts from the central Plains to the Upper Midwest and Great Lakes December 15-16. An unprecedented December severe weather unfolded over portions of Minnesota and Wisconsin Wednesday evening, with the Storm Prediction Center issuing their farthest-north Moderate Risk for the month of December. A serial derecho moving at 60-80 mph tracked from Kansas to Wisconsin, resulting in over 560 reports of damaging wind and over 60 tornadoes. A total of 57 "significant severe" wind gusts (75+ mph) were reported, breaking the daily record of 53 set on August 10, 2020. Most of the damage across our area occurred from south-central Minnesota through west-central Wisconsin. Particularly widespread damage occurred in Hartland, Minnesota, and Stanley, Wisconsin where EF2 tornadoes were confirmed. Prior to this event, a tornado has never been reported in Minnesota in December. Before the thunderstorms, strong southerly winds led to record high temperatures at many sites across the Upper Midwest. Temperatures warmed into the mid to upper 50s across much of central Minnesota and western Wisconsin and even exceeded 60 degrees across southern Minnesota. The warm temperatures melted what was left of the snowpack from the December 10 winter storm, which led to widespread dense fog through much of the morning and afternoon. After the thunderstorms, strong gradient winds and widespread wind gusts in excess of 50 mph developed for several hours late Wednesday night and into the overnight hours. The Redwood Falls airport measured a gust of 78 mph at 11:30 PM. Temperatures quickly fell below freezing across western and central Minnesota Wednesday night, causing rain to change over to a wintry mix of freezing drizzle and snow. Snowfall accumulations of 1-4" inches, along with the strong gusty winds, led to low visibility and travel hazards late Wednesday night into Thursday morning. |
Map of storm reports and the convective outlook from December 15. The "Moderate Risk" is rare any time of year, let alone in December. One has never been issued so far north so late in the year. |
Warnings Issued December 15 | Regional Loop of Radar, Warnings, and Wind Gust Reports (Courtesy: Iowa Environmental Mesonet) |
Tornadoes (in chronological order):
Tornado - Kiester
Track Map |
Tornado - Alden 1
Track Map |
Tornado - Alden 2
Track Map |
Tornado - Hartland
Track Map |
Tornado - Myrtle
Track Map |
Tornado - London NW
Track Map |
Tornado - London SE
Track Map |
Tornado - Glenville
Track Map |
Tornado - Hayward/I-90
Track Map |
Tornado - East Bixby
Track Map |
Tornado - 5 SE Kenyon
Track Map |
Tornado - 7 SE Kenyon
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Tornado - between Augusta & Fairchild
Track Map |
Tornado - East side of Lake Wissota
Track Map |
Tornado - Stanley, WI
Track Map |
The Enhanced Fujita (EF) Scale classifies tornadoes into the following categories:
EF0 Weak 65-85 mph |
EF1 Moderate 86-110 mph |
EF2 Significant 111-135 mph |
EF3 Severe 136-165 mph |
EF4 Extreme 166-200 mph |
EF5 Catastrophic 200+ mph |
Snow/Ice
Public Information Statement National Weather Service Twin Cities/Chanhassen MN 341 PM CST Thu Dec 16 2021 ...SNOWFALL REPORTS FROM DECEMBER 15-16... Location Amount Time/Date Provider Farwell 5N 3.5 in 0830 AM 12/16 COCORAHS Donnelly 2WNW 2.4 in 0700 AM 12/16 COCORAHS Prinsburg 0.1 WNW 2.1 in 0600 AM 12/16 COCORAHS Long Prairie 2.1 NNE 2.0 in 0800 AM 12/16 COCORAHS Belview 0.3 S 1.7 in 0700 AM 12/16 COCORAHS Holdingford 6.0 NW 1.5 in 0800 AM 12/16 COCORAHS 1.0 NE Watson 1.5 in 0830 AM 12/16 COOP Saint Joseph 2.5 N 1.4 in 0700 AM 12/16 COCORAHS Alexandria 1.4 in 0830 AM 12/16 COOP Belgrade 8.0 ESE 1.3 in 0700 AM 12/16 COCORAHS Camp Ripley 4E 1.3 in 0700 AM 12/16 COCORAHS Hillman 8.3 N 1.3 in 0800 AM 12/16 COCORAHS Long Prairie 1.2 in 0600 AM 12/16 COOP Danube 2WNW 1.2 in 0700 AM 12/16 COCORAHS Litchfield 1.1 in 0800 AM 12/16 COOP Saint Cloud 7.6 SW 1.1 in 1000 AM 12/16 COCORAHS Bird Island 7SSE 1.0 in 0700 AM 12/16 COOP Dawson 1.0 in 0700 AM 12/16 COOP Melrose 1.0 in 0700 AM 12/16 COOP Little Falls 1.2 SW 1.0 in 0700 AM 12/16 COCORAHS Bird Island 7SSE 1.0 in 0700 AM 12/16 COCORAHS Belgrade 0.4 WNW 1.0 in 0900 AM 12/16 COCORAHS
Peak Wind Speeds
...HIGHEST WIND REPORTS DECEMBER 15-16... Some reports are from thunderstorms, but most are from non-thunderstorm winds overnight. Location Speed Time/Date Provider Redwood Falls AP 78 MPH 1130 PM 12/15 ASOS Fairmont AP 70 MPH 1019 PM 12/15 AWOS Eau Claire AP 67 MPH 0900 PM 12/15 ASOS Ellendale 5NNE 65 MPH 1050 PM 12/15 MNDOT Eden Prairie AP 63 MPH 0211 AM 12/16 ASOS Cannon Falls 7SSE 63 MPH 0105 AM 12/16 MNDOT St. James AP 62 MPH 1155 PM 12/15 AWOS Mankato AP 62 MPH 1107 PM 12/15 AWOS Owatonna AP 62 MPH 1053 PM 12/15 AWOS Twin Lakes 5SE 62 MPH 1110 PM 12/15 MNDOT Minneapolis-St. Paul AP 61 MPH 0317 AM 12/16 ASOS Red Wing 4W 61 MPH 1235 AM 12/16 MNDOT Waseca AP 60 MPH 1135 PM 12/15 AWOS Olivia AP 60 MPH 1255 AM 12/16 AWOS New Ulm AP 60 MPH 1135 PM 12/15 AWOS Waseca 1SSE 60 MPH 1130 PM 12/15 MNDOT Red Wing 59 MPH 0206 AM 12/16 CWOP Hanska 59 MPH 0700 PM 12/15 CWOP Lydia 59 MPH 0116 AM 12/16 CWOP Eau Claire 59 MPH 0108 AM 12/16 CWOP Hutchinson AP 59 MPH 1155 PM 12/15 AWOS New Germany 1NW 59 MPH 1220 AM 12/16 MNDOT Ganoe Hill 59 MPH 0107 AM 12/16 RAWS Hope 58 MPH 1109 PM 12/15 CWOP Stanton AP 58 MPH 1115 PM 12/15 AWOS Madelia 3ENE 58 MPH 1150 PM 12/15 MNDOT Minnesota Lake 57 MPH 1045 PM 12/15 CWOP Silver Lake 3E 57 MPH 1206 AM 12/16 MNDOT Clara City 2WSW 57 MPH 1110 PM 12/15 MNDOT Winthrop 2W 57 MPH 1140 PM 12/15 MNDOT Mankato US-169 Mile Post 52 57 MPH 0100 AM 12/16 MNDOT Easton 56 MPH 1046 PM 12/15 CWOP Albert Lea AP 56 MPH 1055 PM 12/15 AWOS Willmar AP 56 MPH 1215 AM 12/16 AWOS Crystal AP 56 MPH 0436 AM 12/16 ASOS St. Paul Dwtn AP 56 MPH 0200 AM 12/16 ASOS Litchfield 3S 56 MPH 0211 AM 12/16 RAWS Glencoe AP 55 MPH 1215 AM 12/16 AWOS Observations are collected from a variety of sources with varying equipment and exposures. We thank all volunteer weather observers for their dedication. Not all data listed are considered official.
Photos & Video
Storm Damage
Damage in Hartland, MN Source: Bill Keller-Fox 9 |
Damage in Hartland, MN Source: NWS Damage Survey |
Tornado Damage in Stanley, WI Source: Alyssa Lyons-WQOW TV |
Tornado Damage in Stanley, WI Source: Alyssa Lyons-WQOW TV |
Storm Damage
Tornado Damage NW of London, MN |
Tornado Damage N of Myrtle, MN | Tornado Damage W of Fairchild, WI | Tornado Damage S of Stanley, WI |
Storm Damage
Caption (source) |
Caption (source) |
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Caption (source) |
Snow/Fog
Dense Fog On Bde Maka Ska Source: Patrick Mustain | Caption (source) |
Caption (source) |
Caption (source) |
Radar
Radar Loop From 3 PM - 12 AM December 15 | Radar Loop From 12 AM - 12 PM December 16 |
Storm Reports
Link to storm reports from December 15, 2021: https://www.spc.noaa.gov/climo/reports/211215_rpts.html
Environment
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Surface Map Loop | Mixed Layer CAPE | 0-3 km Bulk Shear |
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Effective Storm Relative Helicity | 0-500 m Storm Relative Helicity | 0-1 km Energy Helicity Index |
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Significant Tornado Parameter | Conditional Probability of a Significant Tornado | SHERBE (High Shear/Low Instability Parameter) |
Additional Information
Loop of Observed Wind Gusts (12 PM December 15 - 12 PM December 16) |
Loop of Observed Temperatures (6 AM December 15 - 6 AM December 16) |
Loop of Observed Visibility (12 AM December 15 - 12 AM December 16) |
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High Temperatures From December 15 |
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Summaries from other NWS Offices
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