Soaring Forecast for Moriarty NM
National Weather Service Albuquerque NM
0729 MDT Wednesday April 16 2025
This forecast is for Wednesday, April 16, 2025:
If the trigger temperature of 66.1 F/18.9 C is reached...then
Thermal Soaring Index....................... Excellent
Maximum rate of lift........................ 1253 ft/min (6.4 m/s)
Maximum height of thermals.................. 20020 ft MSL (13693 ft AGL)
Forecast maximum temperature................... 80.0 F/27.1 C
Time of trigger temperature.................... 1015 MDT
Time of overdevelopment........................ None
Middle/high clouds during soaring window....... None
Surface winds during soaring window............ 20 mph or less
Height of the -3 thermal index................. 16330 ft MSL (10002 ft AGL)
Thermal soaring outlook for Thursday 04/17..... Fair
Remarks...
Sunrise/Sunset.................... 06:29:56 / 19:37:24 MDT
Total possible sunshine........... 13 hr 7 min 28 sec (787 min 28 sec)
Altitude of sun at 13:03:40 MDT... 65.42 degrees
Upper air data from numerical model forecast valid on 04/16/2025 at 0600 MDT
Freezing level.................. 12994 ft MSL (6667 ft AGL)
Convective condensation level... 15211 ft MSL (8884 ft AGL)
Lifted condensation level....... 17168 ft MSL (10841 ft AGL)
Lifted index.................... -3.2
K index......................... +7.6
Height Temperature Wind Wind Spd Lapse Rate ConvectionT Thermal Lift Rate
ft MSL deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft deg C deg F Index fpm m/s
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
50000 -64.0 -83.2 250 56 29 3.7 2.0 85.0 184.9 34.1 M M
45000 -58.8 -73.8 245 65 33 1.0 0.5 69.5 157.2 26.8 M M
40000 -57.3 -71.1 255 67 35 0.6 0.3 49.4 120.9 15.2 M M
38000 -54.7 -66.5 255 67 35 4.9 2.7 44.3 111.7 12.1 M M
36000 -51.7 -61.1 255 67 35 4.9 2.7 40.3 104.5 9.6 M M
34000 -48.1 -54.6 255 63 32 7.3 4.0 37.2 99.0 7.7 M M
32000 -43.2 -45.8 255 52 27 7.3 4.0 35.0 95.0 6.2 M M
30000 -38.4 -37.1 260 45 23 8.5 4.7 33.6 92.5 5.3 M M
29000 -35.9 -32.6 260 43 22 8.5 4.7 33.1 91.6 5.0 M M
28000 -33.3 -27.9 265 41 21 8.5 4.7 32.7 90.9 4.8 M M
27000 -30.7 -23.3 265 40 21 8.6 4.7 32.3 90.1 4.4 M M
26000 -28.2 -18.8 265 40 21 8.6 4.7 31.8 89.2 4.1 M M
25000 -25.6 -14.1 260 40 21 8.6 4.7 31.4 88.5 3.8 M M
24000 -23.2 -9.8 260 40 20 7.5 4.1 30.9 87.6 3.4 M M
23000 -20.9 -5.6 255 39 20 7.5 4.1 30.0 86.0 2.8 M M
22000 -18.6 -1.5 255 38 20 7.5 4.1 29.3 84.7 2.2 M M
21000 -16.6 2.1 250 38 20 5.9 3.2 28.2 82.8 1.3 M M
20000 -14.9 5.2 250 40 21 5.9 3.2 26.8 80.3 0.1 M M
19500 -14.0 6.8 250 41 21 5.9 3.2 26.2 79.1 -0.5 1218 6.2
19000 -13.1 8.4 245 42 21 6.0 3.3 25.5 78.0 -1.0 1177 6.0
18500 -12.1 10.2 245 42 22 7.9 4.3 25.1 77.2 -1.4 1131 5.7
18000 -10.3 13.5 245 43 22 7.8 4.3 24.6 76.3 -1.9 1056 5.4
17500 -9.2 15.4 245 43 22 7.8 4.3 24.3 75.7 -2.2 1007 5.1
17000 -8.0 17.6 245 43 22 7.9 4.3 23.9 75.1 -2.5 958 4.9
16500 -6.9 19.6 245 43 22 6.7 3.7 23.5 74.4 -2.9 910 4.6
16000 -6.0 21.2 240 42 22 6.5 3.6 23.0 73.4 -3.5 867 4.4
15500 -5.0 23.0 240 42 22 6.5 3.6 22.5 72.4 -4.0 824 4.2
15000 -4.2 24.4 240 40 20 6.5 3.6 21.9 71.4 -4.6 783 4.0
14500 -3.3 26.1 240 37 19 6.8 3.8 21.4 70.5 -5.2 741 3.8
14000 -2.2 28.0 240 34 18 8.0 4.4 21.0 69.9 -5.7 695 3.5
13500 -1.1 30.0 240 31 16 8.0 4.4 20.8 69.4 -6.1 648 3.3
13000 0.1 32.2 245 28 15 8.9 4.9 20.5 69.0 -6.4 597 3.0
12500 1.4 34.5 245 26 14 8.8 4.8 20.4 68.7 -6.6 544 2.8
12000 2.6 36.7 245 25 13 8.9 4.9 20.3 68.5 -6.8 490 2.5
11500 4.0 39.2 240 25 13 8.9 4.9 20.1 68.2 -6.9 436 2.2
11000 5.3 41.5 240 25 13 8.6 4.7 20.0 67.9 -7.1 382 1.9
10500 6.5 43.7 235 27 14 8.7 4.8 19.8 67.6 -7.4 329 1.7
10250 7.2 45.0 235 27 14 8.4 4.6 19.7 67.5 -7.5 303 1.5
10000 7.8 46.0 235 28 14 8.4 4.6 19.6 67.2 -7.6 277 1.4
9750 8.4 47.1 235 29 15 8.8 4.8 19.5 67.1 -7.7 251 1.3
9500 9.0 48.2 230 30 15 8.4 4.6 19.4 66.9 -7.8 224 1.1
9250 9.7 49.5 230 31 16 9.4 5.2 19.3 66.8 -7.9 198 1.0
9000 10.4 50.7 230 31 16 8.7 4.8 19.3 66.8 -8.0 170 0.9
8750 10.9 51.6 225 31 16 7.0 3.8 19.1 66.5 -8.2 147 0.7
8500 11.4 52.5 225 31 16 7.4 4.1 19.0 66.1 -8.5 124 0.6
8250 11.9 53.4 225 30 15 5.4 3.0 18.7 65.7 -8.7 102 0.5
8000 12.2 54.0 225 28 14 3.3 1.8 18.3 64.9 -9.2 85 0.4
7750 12.5 54.5 225 25 13 3.0 1.6 17.8 64.0 -9.7 70 0.4
7500 12.6 54.7 225 23 12 0.9 0.5 17.2 63.0 -10.2 58 0.3
7250 12.6 54.7 220 19 10 -2.7 -1.5 16.4 61.6 -11.0 52 0.3
7000 12.3 54.1 220 16 8 -4.7 -2.6 15.4 59.7 -12.1 53 0.3
6750 12.0 53.6 215 12 6 -3.1 -1.7 14.3 57.8 -13.1 55 0.3
6500 11.6 52.9 205 8 4 -9.1 -5.0 13.3 55.9 -14.3 58 0.3
6250 M M M M M M M M M M M M
* * * * * * Numerical weather prediction model forecast data valid * * * * * *
04/16/2025 at 0900 MDT | 04/16/2025 at 1200 MDT
|
CAPE... 0.0 LI... +1.6 | CAPE... 0.0 LI... +2.6
CINH... -0.2 K Index... -4.1 | CINH... -0.4 K Index... -0.1
|
Height Temperature Wnd WndSpd Lapse Rate | Temperature Wnd WndSpd Lapse Rate
ft MSL deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft | deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
50000 -64.9 -84.8 255 57 29 2.7 1.5 | -64.4 -83.9 250 62 32 1.3 0.7
45000 -60.8 -77.4 250 64 33 1.8 1.0 | -62.2 -80.0 250 72 37 2.1 1.1
40000 -58.1 -72.6 255 64 33 1.3 0.7 | -59.0 -74.2 250 72 37 1.6 0.9
38000 -55.3 -67.5 250 62 32 5.2 2.8 | -56.0 -68.8 250 66 34 5.6 3.1
36000 -52.2 -62.0 250 60 31 5.2 2.8 | -52.6 -62.7 250 59 30 5.7 3.1
34000 -48.4 -55.1 250 55 28 7.6 4.2 | -48.5 -55.3 250 53 27 7.9 4.3
32000 -43.3 -45.9 250 46 24 7.6 4.2 | -43.8 -46.8 255 48 25 7.9 4.3
30000 -38.4 -37.1 250 40 21 8.5 4.7 | -38.2 -36.8 250 43 22 8.6 4.7
29000 -35.8 -32.4 250 38 19 8.5 4.7 | -35.6 -32.1 250 41 21 8.6 4.7
28000 -33.3 -27.9 250 35 18 8.5 4.7 | -33.0 -27.4 245 39 20 8.6 4.7
27000 -30.7 -23.3 250 34 18 8.8 4.8 | -30.5 -22.9 240 38 20 8.6 4.7
26000 -28.1 -18.6 250 34 18 8.8 4.8 | -27.9 -18.2 240 38 20 8.6 4.7
25000 -25.4 -13.7 245 34 18 8.8 4.8 | -25.3 -13.5 235 38 20 8.6 4.7
24000 -22.9 -9.2 245 34 18 7.8 4.3 | -22.8 -9.0 235 38 20 7.6 4.2
23000 -20.6 -5.1 245 34 17 7.8 4.3 | -20.5 -4.9 235 39 20 7.6 4.2
22000 -18.2 -0.8 240 33 17 7.8 4.3 | -18.3 -0.9 235 40 21 7.6 4.2
21000 -16.1 3.0 240 35 18 6.6 3.6 | -16.1 3.0 235 41 21 7.0 3.8
20000 -14.1 6.6 240 37 19 6.5 3.6 | -14.0 6.8 240 41 21 7.0 3.8
19500 -13.2 8.2 240 38 20 6.6 3.6 | -13.0 8.6 240 41 21 7.0 3.8
19000 -12.2 10.0 240 40 20 6.6 3.6 | -11.9 10.6 240 42 21 7.0 3.8
18500 -11.1 12.0 240 40 21 7.1 3.9 | -10.9 12.4 240 42 21 6.9 3.8
18000 -9.6 14.7 240 40 21 7.1 3.9 | -9.9 14.2 240 41 21 6.9 3.8
17500 -8.5 16.7 240 40 20 7.6 4.2 | -8.3 17.1 245 41 21 7.1 3.9
17000 -7.3 18.9 240 39 20 7.6 4.1 | -7.3 18.9 245 40 21 7.1 3.9
16500 -6.2 20.8 245 39 20 7.7 4.2 | -6.2 20.8 245 39 20 7.6 4.2
16000 -5.0 23.0 245 39 20 7.7 4.3 | -5.1 22.8 250 38 20 7.6 4.2
15500 -3.9 25.0 245 38 20 7.5 4.1 | -3.9 25.0 250 38 19 7.6 4.2
15000 -2.8 27.0 245 38 19 7.1 3.9 | -2.8 27.0 250 36 19 7.5 4.1
14500 -1.8 28.8 245 37 19 7.0 3.9 | -1.7 28.9 250 35 18 7.2 4.0
14000 -0.8 30.6 245 36 19 6.3 3.4 | -0.9 30.4 250 32 16 5.1 2.8
13500 0.1 32.2 245 35 18 6.4 3.5 | -0.2 31.6 250 28 14 5.2 2.9
13000 1.0 33.8 245 34 18 6.0 3.3 | 0.7 33.3 245 25 13 8.2 4.5
12500 1.9 35.4 250 32 17 6.1 3.3 | 1.9 35.4 245 23 12 7.8 4.3
12000 2.8 37.0 250 30 15 7.0 3.8 | 3.1 37.6 245 22 11 9.6 5.3
11500 3.7 38.7 255 27 14 6.9 3.8 | 4.5 40.1 240 21 11 9.2 5.1
11000 4.7 40.5 255 25 13 8.3 4.5 | 5.9 42.6 240 20 11 9.2 5.0
10500 5.9 42.6 255 24 12 8.4 4.6 | 7.3 45.1 240 20 10 9.3 5.1
10250 6.5 43.7 255 23 12 8.5 4.7 | 7.9 46.2 240 20 10 9.4 5.2
10000 7.1 44.8 255 23 12 8.4 4.6 | 8.7 47.7 240 20 10 9.4 5.2
9750 7.7 45.9 250 23 12 8.5 4.6 | 9.3 48.7 240 20 10 9.5 5.2
9500 8.3 46.9 250 22 12 8.2 4.5 | 10.0 50.0 240 19 10 8.9 4.9
9250 8.9 48.0 245 22 11 9.2 5.0 | 10.7 51.3 240 19 10 11.1 6.1
9000 9.6 49.3 245 21 11 7.7 4.2 | 11.6 52.9 240 19 10 11.0 6.1
8750 10.0 50.0 245 21 11 5.4 2.9 | 12.3 54.1 240 19 10 8.9 4.9
8500 10.4 50.7 240 20 10 5.7 3.2 | 13.0 55.4 240 19 10 9.3 5.1
8250 10.8 51.4 240 19 10 5.9 3.2 | 13.7 56.7 245 19 10 9.9 5.4
8000 11.2 52.2 240 17 9 6.2 3.4 | 14.5 58.1 245 18 10 10.4 5.7
7750 11.7 53.1 235 16 8 6.3 3.4 | 15.2 59.4 245 18 9 9.9 5.4
7500 12.2 54.0 235 15 8 7.2 3.9 | 16.0 60.8 245 18 9 10.0 5.5
7250 12.8 55.0 235 14 7 9.2 5.1 | 16.8 62.2 245 18 9 10.9 6.0
7000 13.5 56.3 230 13 7 10.2 5.6 | 17.6 63.7 245 17 9 11.8 6.5
6750 14.2 57.6 230 12 6 9.0 5.0 | 18.4 65.1 245 17 9 9.8 5.4
6500 14.9 58.8 230 12 6 11.2 6.2 | 19.2 66.6 245 16 8 14.8 8.1
6250 M M M M M M M | M M M M M M M
04/16/2025 at 1500 MDT | 04/16/2025 at 1800 MDT
|
CAPE... +0.4 LI... -0.0 | CAPE... 0.0 LI... -0.6
CINH... 0.0 K Index... +9.0 | CINH... -0.9 K Index... +6.8
|
Height Temperature Wnd WndSpd Lapse Rate | Temperature Wnd WndSpd Lapse Rate
ft MSL deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft | deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
50000 -63.8 -82.8 250 68 35 0.5 0.3 | -63.9 -83.0 250 77 40 0.8 0.4
45000 -62.9 -81.2 250 84 43 1.9 1.0 | -62.5 -80.5 250 89 46 2.0 1.1
40000 -60.1 -76.2 250 78 40 1.4 0.8 | -59.5 -75.1 250 80 41 2.0 1.1
38000 -57.0 -70.6 255 71 37 5.9 3.2 | -56.1 -69.0 255 74 38 5.8 3.2
36000 -53.5 -64.3 255 64 33 5.9 3.2 | -52.6 -62.7 255 69 36 5.8 3.2
34000 -49.2 -56.6 255 58 30 8.5 4.7 | -48.4 -55.1 255 65 33 8.2 4.5
32000 -44.1 -47.4 250 53 27 8.5 4.7 | -43.5 -46.3 250 60 31 8.2 4.5
30000 -38.2 -36.8 245 49 25 8.9 4.9 | -38.5 -37.3 250 57 30 8.4 4.6
29000 -35.6 -32.1 245 48 25 8.9 4.9 | -35.9 -32.6 245 56 29 8.4 4.6
28000 -32.9 -27.2 240 46 24 8.9 4.9 | -33.4 -28.1 245 55 29 8.4 4.6
27000 -30.3 -22.5 240 46 24 8.7 4.8 | -31.0 -23.8 245 54 28 8.0 4.4
26000 -27.7 -17.9 240 46 24 8.7 4.8 | -28.6 -19.5 250 53 27 8.0 4.4
25000 -25.1 -13.2 245 46 24 8.7 4.8 | -26.1 -15.0 250 52 27 8.0 4.4
24000 -22.6 -8.7 245 46 24 7.7 4.2 | -24.0 -11.2 250 49 25 5.5 3.0
23000 -20.3 -4.5 245 47 24 7.7 4.2 | -22.3 -8.1 255 42 22 5.8 3.2
22000 -18.0 -0.4 245 47 24 7.6 4.1 | -20.6 -5.1 260 36 18 6.0 3.3
21000 -16.3 2.7 245 45 23 3.7 2.0 | -18.0 -0.4 265 31 16 8.2 4.5
20000 -15.3 4.5 245 41 21 3.7 2.1 | -15.5 4.1 260 30 15 8.2 4.5
19500 -14.8 5.4 245 39 20 3.9 2.1 | -14.3 6.3 260 29 15 8.2 4.5
19000 -14.3 6.3 245 37 19 4.5 2.5 | -13.1 8.4 260 29 15 9.1 5.0
18500 -13.2 8.2 245 36 18 9.3 5.1 | -11.6 11.1 260 29 15 9.7 5.3
18000 -11.9 10.6 245 35 18 8.9 4.9 | -10.1 13.8 260 29 15 9.8 5.4
17500 -10.5 13.1 245 34 17 9.4 5.2 | -8.6 16.5 260 29 15 9.8 5.4
17000 -8.4 16.9 245 33 17 9.6 5.2 | -7.2 19.0 255 29 15 9.8 5.4
16500 -6.9 19.6 245 33 17 9.7 5.3 | -5.7 21.7 255 29 15 9.8 5.4
16000 -5.5 22.1 245 33 17 9.7 5.3 | -4.2 24.4 255 29 15 9.8 5.4
15500 -4.0 24.8 245 32 17 9.6 5.3 | -2.8 27.0 255 29 15 9.8 5.4
15000 -2.6 27.3 245 32 16 9.5 5.2 | -1.3 29.7 255 30 15 9.8 5.4
14500 -1.2 29.8 245 32 16 9.5 5.2 | 0.2 32.4 250 30 15 9.8 5.4
14000 0.3 32.5 245 32 16 9.8 5.4 | 1.7 35.1 250 30 15 9.7 5.3
13500 1.7 35.1 245 31 16 9.8 5.4 | 3.1 37.6 250 30 16 9.7 5.3
13000 3.2 37.8 245 31 16 9.5 5.2 | 4.6 40.3 250 30 16 9.7 5.3
12500 4.6 40.3 245 30 16 9.5 5.2 | 6.0 42.8 250 31 16 9.7 5.3
12000 6.0 42.8 245 30 15 9.8 5.4 | 7.5 45.5 245 31 16 9.8 5.4
11500 7.5 45.5 245 29 15 9.8 5.4 | 9.0 48.2 245 31 16 9.6 5.2
11000 8.9 48.0 245 28 14 9.8 5.4 | 10.4 50.7 245 31 16 9.8 5.4
10500 10.4 50.7 245 27 14 9.9 5.4 | 11.9 53.4 245 32 16 10.2 5.6
10250 11.1 52.0 245 26 14 9.6 5.2 | 12.7 54.9 245 32 16 9.3 5.1
10000 11.8 53.2 245 26 13 9.5 5.2 | 13.3 55.9 245 32 16 9.0 5.0
9750 12.6 54.7 245 25 13 9.9 5.4 | 14.0 57.2 245 32 17 10.0 5.5
9500 13.3 55.9 245 25 13 9.4 5.1 | 14.8 58.6 245 32 17 9.3 5.1
9250 14.0 57.2 245 24 13 10.9 6.0 | 15.5 59.9 240 32 17 11.2 6.2
9000 14.9 58.8 245 24 12 10.6 5.8 | 16.4 61.5 240 33 17 10.7 5.9
8750 15.5 59.9 245 23 12 8.9 4.9 | 17.1 62.8 240 33 17 8.5 4.7
8500 16.2 61.2 245 23 12 9.0 4.9 | 17.7 63.9 240 33 17 8.9 4.9
8250 16.9 62.4 245 22 11 10.2 5.6 | 18.4 65.1 240 33 17 9.6 5.3
8000 17.7 63.9 245 22 11 11.0 6.1 | 19.2 66.6 240 32 17 10.5 5.7
7750 18.5 65.3 245 21 11 9.7 5.3 | 20.0 68.0 240 32 16 9.8 5.4
7500 19.2 66.6 245 20 11 9.3 5.1 | 20.7 69.3 240 32 16 9.3 5.1
7250 19.9 67.8 245 20 10 10.3 5.7 | 21.4 70.5 240 31 16 10.1 5.6
7000 20.8 69.4 245 19 10 11.6 6.4 | 22.2 72.0 240 30 15 11.2 6.1
6750 21.6 70.9 245 18 9 10.3 5.6 | 23.0 73.4 240 28 14 10.7 5.9
6500 22.5 72.5 245 17 9 15.5 8.5 | 23.8 74.8 240 25 13 11.1 6.1
6250 M M M M M M M | M M M M M M M
________________________________________________________________________________
This product is issued once per day, at approximately 730 AM local
time. It is not continuously monitored nor updated after its initial
issuance.
The information contained herein is based on numerical weather prediction
model data for the Moriarty Municipal Airport site in Moriarty, New Mexico at
North Latitude: 34.9781667 deg
West Longitude: 106.0000278 deg
Elevation: 6204.2 feet (1891.0 meters)
and may not be representative of other areas along and east of the Sandia
and Manzano Mountains. Note that some elevations in numerical weather
prediction models differ from actual station elevations, which can lead to
data which appear to be below ground. Erroneous data such as these should
not be used.
The content and format of this report as well as the issuance times are subject
to change without prior notice. Comments are welcome and should be directed
to one of the addresses or phone numbers shown at the bottom of this page.
DEFINITIONS:
CAPE (Convective Available Potential Energy) - An integrated measure of the
energy available for convective development, also known as the positive
area on a thermodynamic diagram. Units are Joules per kilogram. Larger
values are indicative of greater instability and the possibility of
stronger convective activity, including thunderstorms. Values around or
greater than 1000 suggest the possibility of severe weather should
convective activity develop.
CINH (Convective Inhibition) - An integrated measure of the amount of energy
needed to initiate convective activity, also known as the negative area on
a thermodynamic diagram. Units are Joules per kilogram. The more negative
this number, the more energy is required to initiate convection. This
inhibitive energy can be overcome through surface heating, cooling aloft,
lifting mechanisms (orographic, frontal, gravity waves, etc.)
Convective Condensation Level - The height to which an air parcel possessing the
average saturation mixing ratio in the lowest 4000 feet of the airmass,
if heated sufficiently from below, will rise dry adiabatically until it
just becomes saturated. It estimates the base of cumulus clouds that are
produced by surface heating only.
Convection Temperature (ConvectionT) - The surface temperature required to make
the airmass dry adiabatic up to the given level. It can be considered a
"trigger temperature" for that level.
Freezing Level - The height where the temperature is zero degrees Celsius.
Height of Stable Layer - The height (between 12,000 and 18,000 feet above
mean sea level) where the smallest lapse rate exists. The location and
existence of this feature is important in the generation of mountain
waves.
K Index - A measure of stability which combines the temperature difference
between approximately 5,000 and 18,000 feet above the surface, the amount
of moisture at approximately 5,000 feet above the surface, and a measure
of the dryness at approximately 10,000 feet above the surface. Larger
positive numbers indicate more instability and a greater likelihood of
thunderstorm development. One interpretation of K index values regarding
soaring in the western United States is given in WMO Technical Note 158
and is reproduced in the following table:
below -10 no or weak thermals
-10 to 5 dry thermals or 1/8 cumulus with moderate thermals
5 to 15 good soaring conditions
15 to 20 good soaring conditions with occasional showers
20 to 30 excellent soaring conditions, but increasing
probability of showers and thunderstorms
above 30 more than 60 percent probability of thunderstorms
Lapse Rate - The change with height of the temperature. Negative values indicate
inversions.
Lifted Condensation Level - The height to which an air parcel possessing the
average dew point in the lowest 4000 feet of the airmass and the forecast
maximum temperature must be lifted dry adiabatically to attain saturation.
Lifted Index (LI) - The difference between the environmental temperature at a
level approximately 18,000 feet above the surface and the temperature of
an air parcel lifted dry adiabatically from the surface to its lifted
condensation level and then pseudoadiabatically thereafter to this same
level. The parcel's initial temperature is the forecast maximum
temperature and its dew point is the average dew point in the lowest 4000
feet of the airmass. Negative values are indicative of instability with
positive values showing stable conditions.
Lift Rate - An experimental estimate of the strength of thermals. It is
computed the same way as the maximum rate of lift but uses the actual
level rather than the maximum height of thermals in the calculation.
Also, none of the empirical adjustments based on cloudiness and K-index
are applied to these calculations.
Maximum Height of Thermals - The height where the dry adiabat through the
forecast maximum temperature intersects the environmental temperature.
Maximum Rate of Lift - An estimate of the maximum strength of thermals. It
is computed from an empirical formula which combines the expected maximum
height of thermals with the difference in the environmental temperatures
between the maximum height of thermals and the temperature 4,000 feet
above the ground. After this computation, further empirical adjustments
are made based on the value of the K-index and the amount and opacity of
middle and high level cloudiness expected between the time of trigger
temperature and the time of overdevelopment.
Middle/High Clouds - The amount and opacity of middle (altostratus, altocumulus)
or high (cirrus, cirrostratus, cirrocumulus) clouds. Broken means that
between 60% and 90% of the sky is covered by the cloud, with overcast
conditions occurring when more than 90% of the sky is covered by the cloud.
Thin implies that the clouds are predominantly transparent, meaning that
some sunlight is reaching the ground, in contrast to opaque which suggests
that little sunlight is reaching the ground.
Potential Height of Wave - The minimum of the following two heights:
1. Level above the height of stable layer (or 14,000 feet if none exists)
where the wind direction changes by 30 degrees or more
2. Level above the height of stable layer (or 14,000 feet if none exists)
where the wind speed no longer increases with height
PVA/NVA - Positive vorticity advection (PVA)/negative vorticity advection (NVA)
on the 500 millibar isobaric surface (approximately 18,000 feet above mean
sea level). Weak PVA has been shown to assist in mountain wave soaring.
Soaring Window - The time between the time the trigger temperature is reached
and the time of overdevelopment.
Thermal Index - The difference between the environmental temperature and the
temperature at a particular level determined by following the dry adiabat
through the forecast maximum temperature up to that level. Negative values
are indicative of thermal lift.
Thermal Soaring Index - An adjective rating (for sailplanes) based on the
computed maximum rate of lift, and the wind speed and middle and high
cloud cover expected during the soaring window (the time of the trigger
temperature and the time of overdevelopment) according to the following:
Maximum rate of lift Adjective Rating
>= 800 fpm Excellent
>= 400 and < 800 fpm Good
>= 200 and < 400 fpm Fair
< 200 fpm Poor
Time of Overdevelopment - The time one or more of the following phenomena,
which essentially shut off thermal lift, is expected to occur:
1. formation of broken to overcast convective cloud cover
2. formation of scattered to numerous downbursts
3. initiation of widespread precipitation
Time of Trigger Temperature - The time the surface temperature is expected to
reach the trigger temperature.
Trigger Temperature - The surface temperature required to make the first 4000
feet of the atmosphere dry adiabatic.
Wave Soaring Index - An empirical, adjective rating (for sailplanes) which
attempts to combine a variety of phenomena important in mountain wave
soaring into a single index number. Objective points are assigned to
these phenomena: wind speed and direction at 14,000 ft MSL, the static
stability in the 12,000-18,000 ft MSL layer, the wind speed gradient above
the stable layer, jet stream location and frontal and upper trough
movements.
042613
Soaring Forecast for Albuquerque NM
National Weather Service Albuquerque NM
0726 MDT Wednesday April 16 2025
This forecast is for Wednesday, April 16, 2025:
If the trigger temperature of 70.8 F/21.6 C is reached...then
Thermal Soaring Index....................... Excellent
Maximum rate of lift........................ 1304 ft/min (6.6 m/s)
Maximum height of thermals.................. 19443 ft MSL (14144 ft AGL)
Forecast maximum temperature................... 83.0 F/28.8 C
Time of trigger temperature.................... 1130 MDT
Time of overdevelopment........................ None
Middle/high clouds during soaring window....... None
Surface winds during soaring window............ 20 mph or less
Height of the -3 thermal index................. 16256 ft MSL (10958 ft AGL)
Thermal soaring outlook for Thursday 04/17..... Fair
Remarks...
Sunrise/Sunset.................... 06:32:21 / 19:39:57 MDT
Total possible sunshine........... 13 hr 7 min 37 sec (787 min 37 sec)
Altitude of sun at 13:06:09 MDT... 65.34 degrees
Upper air data from rawinsonde observation taken on 04/16/2025 at 0600 MDT
Freezing level.................. 13000 ft MSL (7701 ft AGL)
Convective condensation level... 14909 ft MSL (9610 ft AGL)
Lifted condensation level....... 16881 ft MSL (11583 ft AGL)
Lifted index.................... -1.8
K index......................... +23.1
Height Temperature Wind Wind Spd Lapse Rate ConvectionT Thermal Lift Rate
ft MSL deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft deg C deg F Index fpm m/s
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
50000 -64.2 -83.6 250 59 30 5.5 3.0 90.3 194.6 35.6 M M
45000 -58.5 -73.3 240 63 32 -6.5 -3.6 74.2 165.5 28.3 M M
40000 -57.7 -71.9 255 71 37 4.7 2.6 52.5 126.4 16.0 M M
38000 -55.8 -68.4 250 68 35 3.6 2.0 46.5 115.7 12.3 M M
36000 -52.7 -62.9 250 70 36 6.8 3.8 42.5 108.5 9.9 M M
34000 -48.7 -55.7 255 65 33 7.2 3.9 40.0 103.9 8.3 M M
32000 -43.3 -45.9 255 55 28 8.1 4.5 38.3 100.9 7.3 M M
30000 -38.4 -37.1 260 39 20 8.0 4.4 37.1 98.7 6.6 M M
29000 -35.9 -32.6 260 39 20 8.4 4.6 36.4 97.5 6.2 M M
28000 -33.3 -27.9 265 39 20 9.5 5.2 36.1 96.9 6.0 M M
27000 -30.4 -22.7 260 40 21 9.5 5.2 36.0 96.7 6.0 M M
26000 -27.7 -17.9 260 41 21 7.7 4.2 35.7 96.2 5.8 M M
25000 -25.4 -13.7 260 43 22 7.6 4.2 34.9 94.8 5.3 M M
24000 -23.2 -9.8 255 42 22 8.4 4.6 34.0 93.2 4.6 M M
23000 -20.7 -5.3 255 43 22 8.5 4.6 33.5 92.4 4.3 M M
22000 -18.1 -0.6 260 40 21 8.4 4.6 33.1 91.6 4.0 M M
21000 -16.3 2.7 260 40 21 3.7 2.0 31.7 89.1 2.9 M M
20000 -15.9 3.4 240 42 22 4.1 2.3 28.8 83.8 0.3 M M
19500 -14.8 5.4 240 42 22 7.9 4.3 28.5 83.2 0.0 M M
19000 -13.4 7.9 245 42 22 9.2 5.0 28.3 83.0 -0.1 1264 6.4
18500 -12.0 10.4 240 42 22 9.4 5.2 28.2 82.8 -0.2 1207 6.1
18000 -10.6 12.9 240 40 21 9.0 4.9 28.2 82.7 -0.2 1151 5.8
17500 -9.7 14.5 240 40 21 4.3 2.4 27.6 81.6 -0.8 1108 5.6
17000 -9.1 15.6 240 41 21 4.7 2.6 26.7 80.1 -1.6 1074 5.5
16500 -8.1 17.4 235 36 18 4.9 2.7 25.4 77.8 -2.8 1022 5.2
16000 -7.4 18.7 230 32 16 6.0 3.3 24.7 76.4 -3.6 986 5.0
15500 -6.5 20.3 225 34 17 8.4 4.6 24.2 75.6 -4.2 945 4.8
15000 -5.2 22.6 225 30 15 9.0 4.9 24.1 75.4 -4.3 890 4.5
14500 -3.8 25.2 225 30 16 9.0 5.0 24.0 75.3 -4.4 835 4.2
14000 -2.5 27.5 225 32 16 9.0 5.0 24.0 75.1 -4.6 780 4.0
13500 -1.2 29.8 230 29 15 9.0 5.0 23.8 74.9 -4.7 725 3.7
13000 0.2 32.4 240 28 14 9.0 5.0 23.7 74.7 -4.8 671 3.4
12500 1.5 34.7 240 28 14 9.0 5.0 23.6 74.5 -5.0 616 3.1
12000 2.9 37.2 235 27 14 9.0 5.0 23.5 74.3 -5.1 561 2.8
11500 4.2 39.6 235 25 13 9.0 5.0 23.4 74.1 -5.3 506 2.6
11000 5.5 41.9 235 24 13 9.0 4.9 23.2 73.8 -5.5 451 2.3
10500 6.9 44.4 225 31 16 8.3 4.5 23.1 73.6 -5.7 396 2.0
10250 7.4 45.3 220 31 16 7.4 4.1 22.9 73.2 -5.9 372 1.9
10000 8.0 46.4 220 29 15 7.8 4.3 22.7 72.9 -6.0 347 1.8
9750 8.6 47.5 215 26 14 7.7 4.2 22.6 72.6 -6.2 322 1.6
9500 9.2 48.6 215 24 12 7.8 4.3 22.4 72.4 -6.4 298 1.5
9250 9.7 49.5 215 22 11 7.8 4.3 22.3 72.1 -6.5 273 1.4
9000 10.3 50.5 210 20 10 7.7 4.2 22.1 71.8 -6.7 248 1.3
8750 10.9 51.6 210 19 10 7.9 4.3 22.0 71.6 -6.9 224 1.1
8500 11.5 52.7 210 18 9 7.3 4.0 21.8 71.3 -7.1 199 1.0
8250 11.9 53.4 215 17 9 4.8 2.6 21.5 70.8 -7.4 178 0.9
8000 12.2 54.0 215 16 8 4.8 2.7 21.1 70.0 -7.8 162 0.8
7750 12.5 54.5 210 18 9 1.3 0.7 20.7 69.2 -8.3 146 0.7
7500 12.4 54.3 205 19 10 -2.5 -1.4 19.8 67.7 -9.2 142 0.7
7250 12.4 54.3 205 15 8 3.1 1.7 19.1 66.3 -9.9 135 0.7
7000 12.8 55.0 200 11 6 7.6 4.2 18.8 65.8 -10.2 115 0.6
6750 13.4 56.1 200 10 5 7.9 4.4 18.6 65.5 -10.4 90 0.5
6500 14.0 57.2 205 8 4 8.0 4.4 18.5 65.3 -10.6 65 0.3
6250 14.5 58.1 205 6 3 7.3 4.0 18.3 65.0 -10.8 40 0.2
6000 15.0 59.0 215 4 2 6.6 3.6 18.1 64.6 -11.0 18 0.1
5750 15.4 59.7 240 2 1 3.8 2.1 17.8 64.1 -11.4 M M
5500 15.4 59.7 295 2 1 -2.8 -1.5 17.1 62.8 -12.1 M M
* * * * * * Numerical weather prediction model forecast data valid * * * * * *
04/16/2025 at 0900 MDT | 04/16/2025 at 1200 MDT
|
CAPE... 0.0 LI... +1.8 | CAPE... 0.0 LI... +2.8
CINH... -0.2 K Index... -1.9 | CINH... -0.4 K Index... +2.4
|
Height Temperature Wnd WndSpd Lapse Rate | Temperature Wnd WndSpd Lapse Rate
ft MSL deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft | deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
50000 -64.6 -84.3 250 55 28 2.9 1.6 | -64.2 -83.6 250 63 32 1.0 0.5
45000 -60.4 -76.7 250 66 34 1.4 0.8 | -62.6 -80.7 250 74 38 2.0 1.1
40000 -58.2 -72.8 250 67 34 0.9 0.5 | -59.4 -74.9 245 74 38 1.6 0.9
38000 -55.4 -67.7 250 63 32 5.2 2.9 | -56.1 -69.0 250 68 35 5.9 3.3
36000 -52.3 -62.1 250 58 30 5.2 2.9 | -52.6 -62.7 250 61 32 5.9 3.3
34000 -48.4 -55.1 250 53 27 7.4 4.1 | -48.4 -55.1 250 55 28 7.9 4.3
32000 -44.0 -47.2 250 47 24 7.5 4.1 | -43.6 -46.5 250 50 26 7.9 4.3
30000 -39.2 -38.6 250 43 22 8.6 4.7 | -38.7 -37.7 245 45 23 8.5 4.6
29000 -36.6 -33.9 250 41 21 8.6 4.7 | -36.2 -33.2 245 44 22 8.5 4.6
28000 -34.0 -29.2 250 39 20 8.6 4.7 | -33.6 -28.5 240 42 22 8.5 4.6
27000 -30.7 -23.3 245 38 19 8.7 4.8 | -31.1 -24.0 235 41 21 8.5 4.7
26000 -28.1 -18.6 245 37 19 8.7 4.8 | -27.9 -18.2 235 41 21 8.5 4.7
25000 -25.5 -13.9 245 37 19 8.7 4.8 | -25.3 -13.5 235 41 21 8.5 4.7
24000 -23.0 -9.4 240 37 19 7.9 4.3 | -22.9 -9.2 235 41 21 7.8 4.3
23000 -20.6 -5.1 240 36 18 7.9 4.3 | -20.6 -5.1 235 41 21 7.8 4.3
22000 -18.2 -0.8 240 35 18 7.9 4.4 | -18.2 -0.8 235 42 21 7.8 4.3
21000 -16.1 3.0 240 36 18 6.5 3.6 | -16.0 3.2 240 42 22 7.2 4.0
20000 -14.1 6.6 240 37 19 6.5 3.6 | -13.8 7.2 240 42 22 7.2 4.0
19500 -13.2 8.2 240 37 19 6.5 3.6 | -12.7 9.1 240 42 22 7.2 4.0
19000 -12.2 10.0 235 38 19 6.6 3.6 | -11.7 10.9 240 42 22 7.2 3.9
18500 -11.2 11.8 240 38 20 6.8 3.7 | -10.6 12.9 245 42 21 7.2 3.9
18000 -10.2 13.6 240 38 20 6.7 3.7 | -9.5 14.9 245 41 21 7.2 4.0
17500 -9.1 15.6 240 38 20 7.7 4.2 | -8.5 16.7 245 41 21 6.5 3.6
17000 -8.0 17.6 240 38 20 7.7 4.2 | -7.5 18.5 245 40 21 6.6 3.6
16500 -6.8 19.8 240 38 20 7.8 4.3 | -6.5 20.3 245 40 20 7.0 3.8
16000 -5.6 21.9 240 38 19 8.0 4.4 | -5.5 22.1 250 39 20 7.4 4.1
15500 -4.4 24.1 245 37 19 7.9 4.3 | -4.4 24.1 250 38 20 7.6 4.1
15000 -3.3 26.1 245 37 19 7.0 3.8 | -3.1 26.4 250 37 19 8.5 4.7
14500 -2.2 28.0 245 36 19 7.2 3.9 | -1.9 28.6 250 37 19 8.9 4.9
14000 -1.2 29.8 245 36 18 6.2 3.4 | -0.9 30.4 250 35 18 4.6 2.5
13500 -0.3 31.5 245 35 18 6.3 3.4 | -0.2 31.6 250 31 16 4.9 2.7
13000 0.6 33.1 245 33 17 5.9 3.2 | 0.5 32.9 250 28 14 5.9 3.2
12500 1.4 34.5 245 31 16 6.0 3.3 | 1.3 34.3 245 25 13 6.0 3.3
12000 2.3 36.1 245 29 15 6.3 3.5 | 2.2 36.0 240 22 11 7.6 4.2
11500 3.1 37.6 245 25 13 6.7 3.7 | 3.4 38.1 240 20 11 8.1 4.5
11000 4.0 39.2 250 22 11 7.8 4.3 | 4.6 40.3 235 19 10 8.8 4.9
10500 5.1 41.2 255 21 11 8.5 4.7 | 6.0 42.8 235 19 10 9.1 5.0
10250 5.8 42.4 255 20 10 9.3 5.1 | 6.6 43.9 235 19 10 9.1 5.0
10000 6.4 43.5 255 20 10 9.3 5.1 | 7.3 45.1 235 18 9 9.3 5.1
9750 7.1 44.8 255 20 10 9.2 5.1 | 8.0 46.4 235 18 9 9.5 5.2
9500 7.8 46.0 255 20 10 9.4 5.1 | 8.7 47.7 235 18 9 9.4 5.2
9250 8.5 47.3 255 19 10 9.4 5.2 | 9.4 48.9 235 18 9 9.4 5.2
9000 9.7 49.5 250 19 10 7.7 4.2 | 10.1 50.2 230 17 9 9.3 5.1
8750 10.3 50.5 245 18 9 8.2 4.5 | 11.5 52.7 230 17 9 8.9 4.9
8500 10.9 51.6 245 18 9 6.9 3.8 | 12.2 54.0 230 17 9 10.5 5.8
8250 11.3 52.3 240 18 9 5.3 2.9 | 13.0 55.4 230 16 8 10.9 6.0
8000 11.7 53.1 235 17 9 5.2 2.8 | 13.8 56.8 225 16 8 9.5 5.2
7750 12.1 53.8 230 16 8 5.6 3.0 | 14.5 58.1 225 16 8 10.0 5.5
7500 12.4 54.3 225 15 8 1.2 0.7 | 15.2 59.4 225 15 8 9.2 5.0
7250 12.4 54.3 220 15 8 1.9 1.0 | 15.9 60.6 225 15 8 10.0 5.5
7000 12.8 55.0 215 14 7 5.8 3.2 | 16.7 62.1 225 15 8 11.3 6.2
6750 13.1 55.6 210 13 7 5.1 2.8 | 17.6 63.7 220 14 7 11.0 6.0
6500 13.5 56.3 210 12 6 5.9 3.3 | 18.4 65.1 220 14 7 10.1 5.6
6250 14.0 57.2 205 11 6 7.3 4.0 | 19.2 66.6 220 14 7 15.8 8.7
6000 14.7 58.5 205 11 5 13.9 7.6 | 20.9 69.6 220 13 6 27.2 14.9
5750 16.3 61.3 205 9 5 30.1 16.5 | 22.5 72.5 215 12 6 6.4 3.5
5500 M M M M M M M | M M M M M M M
04/16/2025 at 1500 MDT | 04/16/2025 at 1800 MDT
|
CAPE... 0.0 LI... -0.1 | CAPE... +8.6 LI... -0.5
CINH... 0.0 K Index... +7.0 | CINH... -4.5 K Index... +8.9
|
Height Temperature Wnd WndSpd Lapse Rate | Temperature Wnd WndSpd Lapse Rate
ft MSL deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft | deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
50000 -63.9 -83.0 250 68 35 1.1 0.6 | -62.8 -81.0 250 74 38 0.9 0.5
45000 -62.2 -80.0 250 83 43 1.6 0.9 | -61.4 -78.5 250 93 48 1.0 0.6
40000 -59.7 -75.5 250 82 42 1.1 0.6 | -59.8 -75.6 250 88 45 0.5 0.3
38000 -56.6 -69.9 250 75 39 5.5 3.0 | -56.7 -70.1 250 81 42 5.7 3.1
36000 -53.3 -63.9 250 68 35 5.6 3.1 | -53.3 -63.9 250 74 38 5.7 3.2
34000 -49.1 -56.4 250 62 32 8.4 4.6 | -49.2 -56.6 250 69 35 8.2 4.5
32000 -44.0 -47.2 250 58 30 8.4 4.6 | -44.3 -47.7 250 64 33 8.2 4.5
30000 -38.9 -38.0 245 55 28 8.8 4.8 | -39.3 -38.7 245 60 31 8.5 4.7
29000 -36.2 -33.2 245 53 27 8.8 4.8 | -36.7 -34.1 245 59 31 8.5 4.7
28000 -33.6 -28.5 245 51 26 8.8 4.8 | -34.2 -29.6 245 58 30 8.4 4.6
27000 -31.0 -23.8 240 50 26 8.4 4.6 | -31.9 -25.4 245 55 29 6.3 3.4
26000 -28.5 -19.3 245 50 26 8.4 4.6 | -30.0 -22.0 245 50 26 6.3 3.5
25000 -25.3 -13.5 245 49 25 8.4 4.6 | -28.1 -18.6 245 44 23 6.4 3.5
24000 -23.0 -9.4 245 49 25 7.1 3.9 | -25.5 -13.9 245 37 19 7.9 4.4
23000 -20.9 -5.6 245 47 24 7.1 3.9 | -23.2 -9.8 245 32 17 8.0 4.4
22000 -18.8 -1.8 245 46 24 7.2 3.9 | -20.8 -5.4 245 27 14 8.0 4.4
21000 -17.0 1.4 240 43 22 5.1 2.8 | -18.3 -0.9 245 26 13 8.7 4.8
20000 -15.5 4.1 240 38 19 5.2 2.9 | -15.8 3.6 245 26 13 8.7 4.8
19500 -14.8 5.4 240 35 18 5.4 3.0 | -14.5 5.9 245 26 13 8.7 4.8
19000 -14.1 6.6 240 32 17 6.9 3.8 | -13.2 8.2 250 26 13 9.2 5.1
18500 -12.8 9.0 240 31 16 8.9 4.9 | -11.7 10.9 250 26 13 9.9 5.4
18000 -11.4 11.5 240 30 16 8.9 4.9 | -10.2 13.6 250 26 13 9.9 5.5
17500 -10.0 14.0 240 30 15 9.7 5.3 | -8.7 16.3 250 26 13 9.8 5.4
17000 -8.6 16.5 240 29 15 9.7 5.3 | -7.2 19.0 250 26 13 9.8 5.4
16500 -7.1 19.2 240 29 15 9.7 5.3 | -5.8 21.6 250 26 13 9.7 5.3
16000 -5.7 21.7 240 29 15 9.7 5.3 | -4.3 24.3 250 26 13 9.7 5.3
15500 -4.2 24.4 240 28 15 9.7 5.3 | -2.8 27.0 250 26 13 9.7 5.3
15000 -2.8 27.0 240 28 14 9.5 5.2 | -1.4 29.5 250 26 13 9.7 5.3
14500 -1.3 29.7 240 28 14 9.5 5.2 | 0.1 32.2 250 26 13 9.7 5.3
14000 0.1 32.2 240 27 14 9.7 5.3 | 1.5 34.7 250 26 13 9.7 5.3
13500 1.6 34.9 240 27 14 9.7 5.3 | 3.0 37.4 250 26 14 9.7 5.3
13000 3.0 37.4 240 27 14 9.7 5.3 | 4.4 39.9 250 26 14 9.7 5.3
12500 4.5 40.1 240 26 14 9.7 5.3 | 5.9 42.6 250 26 14 9.7 5.3
12000 5.9 42.6 245 26 13 9.7 5.3 | 7.3 45.1 250 26 14 9.7 5.3
11500 7.4 45.3 245 26 13 9.7 5.3 | 8.8 47.8 250 27 14 9.8 5.4
11000 8.8 47.8 245 25 13 9.6 5.3 | 10.3 50.5 250 27 14 9.8 5.4
10500 10.3 50.5 245 25 13 9.7 5.3 | 11.7 53.1 250 27 14 9.5 5.2
10250 11.0 51.8 245 24 13 9.8 5.4 | 12.4 54.3 250 27 14 9.4 5.2
10000 11.7 53.1 245 24 12 9.9 5.4 | 13.1 55.6 250 27 14 9.7 5.3
9750 12.5 54.5 245 24 12 10.2 5.6 | 13.9 57.0 250 27 14 10.0 5.5
9500 13.2 55.8 245 24 12 9.8 5.4 | 14.6 58.3 250 27 14 9.7 5.3
9250 13.9 57.0 250 23 12 9.1 5.0 | 15.3 59.5 250 27 14 9.4 5.2
9000 15.3 59.5 250 23 12 9.7 5.3 | 16.0 60.8 250 27 14 9.3 5.1
8750 16.1 61.0 250 22 11 9.3 5.1 | 16.7 62.1 250 27 14 9.4 5.2
8500 16.8 62.2 250 22 11 10.5 5.7 | 18.2 64.8 250 27 14 10.4 5.7
8250 17.6 63.7 250 22 11 10.9 6.0 | 19.0 66.2 250 27 14 10.3 5.6
8000 18.4 65.1 250 21 11 9.9 5.4 | 19.7 67.5 250 27 14 9.3 5.1
7750 19.1 66.4 250 21 11 10.4 5.7 | 20.4 68.7 250 27 14 9.2 5.1
7500 19.9 67.8 250 21 11 9.3 5.1 | 21.1 70.0 250 26 14 10.4 5.7
7250 20.5 68.9 255 20 10 9.6 5.3 | 21.9 71.4 250 26 13 10.5 5.8
7000 21.3 70.3 255 20 10 10.8 5.9 | 22.6 72.7 250 25 13 9.5 5.2
6750 22.1 71.8 255 19 10 10.5 5.8 | 23.4 74.1 250 25 13 9.5 5.2
6500 22.9 73.2 255 19 10 10.4 5.7 | 24.1 75.4 250 25 13 10.3 5.7
6250 23.8 74.8 255 18 9 16.4 9.0 | 24.9 76.8 250 24 12 12.2 6.7
6000 25.5 77.9 255 17 9 26.6 14.6 | 25.8 78.4 245 21 11 12.3 6.8
5750 27.1 80.8 255 15 8 8.3 4.5 | 26.7 80.1 245 18 9 12.9 7.1
5500 M M M M M M M | M M M M M M M
________________________________________________________________________________
This product is issued twice per day, at approximately 730 AM and 730 PM local
time. It is not continuously monitored nor updated after its initial
issuance.
The information contained herein is based on rawinsonde observation and/or
numerical weather prediction model data taken at the Albuquerque International
Sunport site in Albuquerque, New Mexico at
North Latitude: 35.03806 deg
West Longitude: 106.62194 deg
Elevation: 5298.6 feet (1615 meters)
and may not be representative of other areas, especially along and east of
the Sandia and Manzano Mountains. Note that some elevations in numerical weather
prediction models differ from actual station elevations, which can lead to
data which appear to be below ground. Erroneous data such as these should
not be used.
The content and format of this report as well as the issuance times are subject
to change without prior notice. Comments are welcome and should be directed
to one of the addresses or phone numbers shown at the bottom of this page.
DEFINITIONS:
CAPE (Convective Available Potential Energy) - An integrated measure of the
energy available for convective development, also known as the positive
area on a thermodynamic diagram. Units are Joules per kilogram. Larger
values are indicative of greater instability and the possibility of
stronger convective activity, including thunderstorms. Values around or
greater than 1000 suggest the possibility of severe weather should
convective activity develop.
CINH (Convective Inhibition) - An integrated measure of the amount of energy
needed to initiate convective activity, also known as the negative area on
a thermodynamic diagram. Units are Joules per kilogram. The more negative
this number, the more energy is required to initiate convection. This
inhibitive energy can be overcome through surface heating, cooling aloft,
lifting mechanisms (orographic, frontal, gravity waves, etc.)
Convective Condensation Level - The height to which an air parcel possessing the
average saturation mixing ratio in the lowest 4000 feet of the airmass,
if heated sufficiently from below, will rise dry adiabatically until it
just becomes saturated. It estimates the base of cumulus clouds that are
produced by surface heating only.
Convection Temperature (ConvectionT) - The surface temperature required to make
the airmass dry adiabatic up to the given level. It can be considered a
"trigger temperature" for that level.
Freezing Level - The height where the temperature is zero degrees Celsius.
Height of Stable Layer - The height (between 12,000 and 18,000 feet above
mean sea level) where the smallest lapse rate exists. The location and
existence of this feature is important in the generation of mountain
waves.
K Index - A measure of stability which combines the temperature difference
between approximately 5,000 and 18,000 feet above the surface, the amount
of moisture at approximately 5,000 feet above the surface, and a measure
of the dryness at approximately 10,000 feet above the surface. Larger
positive numbers indicate more instability and a greater likelihood of
thunderstorm development. One interpretation of K index values regarding
soaring in the western United States is given in WMO Technical Note 158
and is reproduced in the following table:
below -10 no or weak thermals
-10 to 5 dry thermals or 1/8 cumulus with moderate thermals
5 to 15 good soaring conditions
15 to 20 good soaring conditions with occasional showers
20 to 30 excellent soaring conditions, but increasing
probability of showers and thunderstorms
above 30 more than 60 percent probability of thunderstorms
Lapse Rate - The change with height of the temperature. Negative values indicate
inversions.
Lifted Condensation Level - The height to which an air parcel possessing the
average dew point in the lowest 4000 feet of the airmass and the forecast
maximum temperature must be lifted dry adiabatically to attain saturation.
Lifted Index (LI) - The difference between the environmental temperature at a
level approximately 18,000 feet above the surface and the temperature of
an air parcel lifted dry adiabatically from the surface to its lifted
condensation level and then pseudoadiabatically thereafter to this same
level. The parcel's initial temperature is the forecast maximum
temperature and its dew point is the average dew point in the lowest 4000
feet of the airmass. Negative values are indicative of instability with
positive values showing stable conditions.
Lift Rate - An experimental estimate of the strength of thermals. It is
computed the same way as the maximum rate of lift but uses the actual
level rather than the maximum height of thermals in the calculation.
Also, none of the empirical adjustments based on cloudiness and K-index
are applied to these calculations.
Maximum Height of Thermals - The height where the dry adiabat through the
forecast maximum temperature intersects the environmental temperature.
Maximum Rate of Lift - An estimate of the maximum strength of thermals. It
is computed from an empirical formula which combines the expected maximum
height of thermals with the difference in the environmental temperatures
between the maximum height of thermals and the temperature 4,000 feet
above the ground. After this computation, further empirical adjustments
are made based on the value of the K-index and the amount and opacity of
middle and high level cloudiness expected between the time of trigger
temperature and the time of overdevelopment.
Middle/High Clouds - The amount and opacity of middle (altostratus, altocumulus)
or high (cirrus, cirrostratus, cirrocumulus) clouds. Broken means that
between 60% and 90% of the sky is covered by the cloud, with overcast
conditions occurring when more than 90% of the sky is covered by the cloud.
Thin implies that the clouds are predominantly transparent, meaning that
some sunlight is reaching the ground, in contrast to opaque which suggests
that little sunlight is reaching the ground.
Potential Height of Wave - The minimum of the following two heights:
1. Level above the height of stable layer (or 14,000 feet if none exists)
where the wind direction changes by 30 degrees or more
2. Level above the height of stable layer (or 14,000 feet if none exists)
where the wind speed no longer increases with height
PVA/NVA - Positive vorticity advection (PVA)/negative vorticity advection (NVA)
on the 500 millibar isobaric surface (approximately 18,000 feet above mean
sea level). Weak PVA has been shown to assist in mountain wave soaring.
Soaring Window - The time between the time the trigger temperature is reached
and the time of overdevelopment.
Thermal Index - The difference between the environmental temperature and the
temperature at a particular level determined by following the dry adiabat
through the forecast maximum temperature up to that level. Negative values
are indicative of thermal lift.
Thermal Soaring Index - An adjective rating (for sailplanes) based on the
computed maximum rate of lift, and the wind speed and middle and high
cloud cover expected during the soaring window (the time of the trigger
temperature and the time of overdevelopment) according to the following:
Maximum rate of lift Adjective Rating
>= 800 fpm Excellent
>= 400 and < 800 fpm Good
>= 200 and < 400 fpm Fair
< 200 fpm Poor
Time of Overdevelopment - The time one or more of the following phenomena,
which essentially shut off thermal lift, is expected to occur:
1. formation of broken to overcast convective cloud cover
2. formation of scattered to numerous downbursts
3. initiation of widespread precipitation
Time of Trigger Temperature - The time the surface temperature is expected to
reach the trigger temperature.
Trigger Temperature - The surface temperature required to make the first 4000
feet of the atmosphere dry adiabatic.
Wave Soaring Index - An empirical, adjective rating (for sailplanes) which
attempts to combine a variety of phenomena important in mountain wave
soaring into a single index number. Objective points are assigned to
these phenomena: wind speed and direction at 14,000 ft MSL, the static
stability in the 12,000-18,000 ft MSL layer, the wind speed gradient above
the stable layer, jet stream location and frontal and upper trough
movements.
042613
Soaring Forecast for Santa Fe NM
National Weather Service Albuquerque NM
0730 MDT Wednesday April 16 2025
This forecast is for Wednesday, April 16, 2025:
If the trigger temperature of 64.0 F/17.8 C is reached...then
Thermal Soaring Index....................... Excellent
Maximum rate of lift........................ 1229 ft/min (6.2 m/s)
Maximum height of thermals.................. 20042 ft MSL (13588 ft AGL)
Forecast maximum temperature................... 79.0 F/26.6 C
Time of trigger temperature.................... 1030 MDT
Time of overdevelopment........................ None
Middle/high clouds during soaring window....... None
Surface winds during soaring window............ 20 mph or less
Height of the -3 thermal index................. 17390 ft MSL (10936 ft AGL)
Thermal soaring outlook for Thursday 04/17..... Fair
Remarks...
Sunrise/Sunset.................... 06:29:34 / 19:38:31 MDT
Total possible sunshine........... 13 hr 8 min 57 sec (788 min 57 sec)
Altitude of sun at 13:04:03 MDT... 64.79 degrees
Upper air data from numerical model forecast valid on 04/16/2025 at 0600 MDT
Freezing level.................. 12814 ft MSL (6360 ft AGL)
Convective condensation level... 14740 ft MSL (8286 ft AGL)
Lifted condensation level....... 17349 ft MSL (10895 ft AGL)
Lifted index.................... -2.9
K index......................... +15.4
Height Temperature Wind Wind Spd Lapse Rate ConvectionT Thermal Lift Rate
ft MSL deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft deg C deg F Index fpm m/s
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
50000 -63.4 -82.1 250 53 27 3.7 2.1 85.5 185.9 34.8 M M
45000 -58.2 -72.8 245 63 32 0.5 0.3 70.1 158.2 27.6 M M
40000 -57.4 -71.3 255 63 32 0.1 0.0 48.8 119.8 15.2 M M
38000 -54.9 -66.8 255 64 33 4.8 2.6 43.5 110.3 12.0 M M
36000 -52.0 -61.6 255 65 33 4.8 2.6 39.3 102.8 9.4 M M
34000 -48.3 -54.9 255 62 32 7.7 4.2 36.4 97.5 7.5 M M
32000 -43.7 -46.7 255 55 29 7.7 4.2 34.7 94.5 6.4 M M
30000 -38.9 -38.0 260 50 25 8.4 4.6 33.4 92.1 5.6 M M
29000 -36.4 -33.5 265 47 24 8.4 4.6 32.8 91.1 5.2 M M
28000 -33.2 -27.8 265 44 23 8.4 4.6 32.3 90.1 4.9 M M
27000 -30.7 -23.3 265 43 22 8.6 4.7 31.8 89.3 4.5 M M
26000 -28.1 -18.6 265 43 22 8.6 4.7 31.3 88.4 4.2 M M
25000 -25.5 -13.9 260 43 22 8.6 4.7 31.0 87.7 3.9 M M
24000 -23.1 -9.6 260 43 22 7.5 4.1 30.4 86.7 3.5 M M
23000 -20.9 -5.6 260 42 22 7.5 4.1 29.5 85.1 2.8 M M
22000 -18.6 -1.5 255 41 21 7.5 4.1 28.7 83.7 2.2 M M
21000 -16.7 1.9 255 41 21 5.7 3.1 27.6 81.7 1.2 M M
20000 -15.0 5.0 250 42 22 5.6 3.1 26.1 79.0 -0.1 1226 6.2
19500 -14.2 6.4 250 42 22 5.6 3.1 25.4 77.8 -0.7 1186 6.0
19000 -13.3 8.1 250 43 22 5.8 3.2 24.8 76.6 -1.2 1146 5.8
18500 -12.4 9.7 245 44 23 6.7 3.7 24.2 75.5 -1.8 1103 5.6
18000 -11.4 11.5 245 45 23 6.7 3.7 23.7 74.6 -2.2 1058 5.4
17500 -10.4 13.3 245 46 24 5.7 3.1 23.1 73.5 -2.8 1015 5.2
17000 -9.7 14.5 240 45 23 5.6 3.1 22.4 72.2 -3.5 977 5.0
16500 -8.9 16.0 240 44 23 6.1 3.3 21.7 71.0 -4.2 939 4.8
16000 -7.9 17.8 240 42 22 6.9 3.8 21.2 70.1 -4.8 896 4.6
15500 -7.0 19.4 235 40 21 7.1 3.9 20.7 69.3 -5.3 853 4.3
15000 -5.9 21.4 235 37 19 8.8 4.9 20.4 68.8 -5.7 805 4.1
14500 -4.7 23.5 235 34 17 8.8 4.8 20.2 68.4 -6.0 753 3.8
14000 -3.4 25.9 240 31 16 8.9 4.9 20.1 68.2 -6.2 701 3.6
13500 -2.1 28.2 240 28 14 8.9 4.9 20.0 67.9 -6.4 647 3.3
13000 -0.8 30.6 240 25 13 8.8 4.8 19.8 67.7 -6.6 593 3.0
12500 0.5 32.9 240 24 12 8.8 4.8 19.7 67.4 -6.8 538 2.7
12000 1.8 35.2 240 22 11 8.7 4.8 19.5 67.1 -6.9 484 2.5
11500 3.8 38.8 240 22 11 8.9 4.9 19.3 66.7 -7.2 404 2.1
11000 5.0 41.0 240 22 11 6.8 3.8 19.0 66.1 -7.6 354 1.8
10500 6.0 42.8 235 22 11 7.9 4.4 18.5 65.4 -8.0 308 1.6
10250 6.6 43.9 235 22 11 7.3 4.0 18.4 65.2 -8.2 282 1.4
10000 7.1 44.8 235 22 11 5.7 3.1 18.1 64.6 -8.5 262 1.3
9750 7.5 45.5 230 21 11 6.2 3.4 17.8 64.1 -8.8 241 1.2
9500 7.9 46.2 230 20 11 5.8 3.2 17.6 63.6 -9.1 220 1.1
9250 8.4 47.1 225 19 10 5.8 3.2 17.3 63.1 -9.4 201 1.0
9000 8.8 47.8 225 17 9 6.1 3.4 17.0 62.5 -9.7 180 0.9
8750 9.2 48.6 220 15 8 6.2 3.4 16.7 62.0 -10.0 159 0.8
8500 9.7 49.5 220 13 7 6.0 3.3 16.4 61.5 -10.3 138 0.7
8250 10.1 50.2 215 11 5 5.5 3.0 16.1 61.0 -10.7 118 0.6
8000 10.5 50.9 205 8 4 5.3 2.9 15.8 60.4 -11.0 98 0.5
7750 10.9 51.6 195 6 3 5.3 2.9 15.4 59.8 -11.4 79 0.4
7500 11.3 52.3 180 5 2 4.9 2.7 15.1 59.2 -11.8 60 0.3
7250 11.6 52.9 170 4 2 3.6 2.0 14.7 58.4 -12.2 43 0.2
7000 11.9 53.4 160 4 2 5.6 3.1 14.3 57.7 -12.7 27 0.1
6750 12.2 54.0 150 4 2 -3.7 -2.1 13.8 56.8 -13.2 12 0.1
6500 9.7 49.5 140 4 2 -80.4 -44.1 10.5 51.0 -16.4 79 0.4
* * * * * * Numerical weather prediction model forecast data valid * * * * * *
04/16/2025 at 0900 MDT | 04/16/2025 at 1200 MDT
|
CAPE... 0.0 LI... +2.0 | CAPE... 0.0 LI... +3.4
CINH... -0.2 K Index... -0.8 | CINH... -0.4 K Index... +0.6
|
Height Temperature Wnd WndSpd Lapse Rate | Temperature Wnd WndSpd Lapse Rate
ft MSL deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft | deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
50000 -64.7 -84.5 250 55 28 2.4 1.3 | -64.3 -83.7 250 64 33 0.6 0.3
45000 -61.1 -78.0 250 65 34 1.7 0.9 | -63.2 -81.8 250 75 38 2.3 1.3
40000 -58.4 -73.1 255 66 34 1.3 0.7 | -59.6 -75.3 250 74 38 1.8 1.0
38000 -55.5 -67.9 255 62 32 5.3 2.9 | -56.4 -69.5 250 69 36 5.9 3.2
36000 -52.3 -62.1 250 58 30 5.3 2.9 | -52.9 -63.2 255 63 32 5.9 3.2
34000 -48.5 -55.3 250 54 28 7.5 4.1 | -48.7 -55.7 255 58 30 8.0 4.4
32000 -44.0 -47.2 250 49 25 7.5 4.1 | -43.9 -47.0 250 52 27 8.0 4.4
30000 -39.2 -38.6 255 45 23 8.6 4.7 | -39.0 -38.2 250 48 25 8.5 4.7
29000 -36.6 -33.9 255 44 23 8.6 4.7 | -36.4 -33.5 245 47 24 8.5 4.7
28000 -34.0 -29.2 255 42 22 8.6 4.7 | -33.9 -29.0 240 45 23 8.5 4.7
27000 -30.7 -23.3 250 40 21 9.0 4.9 | -31.3 -24.3 240 44 23 8.4 4.6
26000 -28.0 -18.4 250 39 20 9.0 4.9 | -28.2 -18.8 240 44 23 8.4 4.6
25000 -25.4 -13.7 245 37 19 8.9 4.9 | -25.6 -14.1 240 44 23 8.4 4.6
24000 -22.8 -9.0 245 36 19 7.8 4.3 | -23.2 -9.8 240 44 22 8.0 4.4
23000 -20.5 -4.9 245 36 18 7.8 4.3 | -20.8 -5.4 240 43 22 8.0 4.4
22000 -18.1 -0.6 245 36 18 7.8 4.3 | -18.4 -1.1 240 42 22 8.0 4.4
21000 -16.0 3.2 240 36 18 6.4 3.5 | -16.1 3.0 240 42 22 7.4 4.0
20000 -14.2 6.4 240 37 19 6.3 3.5 | -13.9 7.0 240 42 21 7.4 4.0
19500 -13.2 8.2 240 37 19 6.3 3.5 | -12.8 9.0 240 42 21 7.3 4.0
19000 -12.3 9.9 240 38 19 6.4 3.5 | -11.7 10.9 240 41 21 7.1 3.9
18500 -11.3 11.7 240 38 20 6.8 3.7 | -10.7 12.7 245 41 21 6.4 3.5
18000 -10.3 13.5 240 39 20 6.7 3.7 | -9.7 14.5 245 40 21 6.4 3.5
17500 -9.2 15.4 245 40 21 7.5 4.1 | -8.8 16.2 245 40 20 6.5 3.6
17000 -8.1 17.4 245 40 21 7.5 4.1 | -7.8 18.0 245 39 20 6.6 3.6
16500 -6.9 19.6 245 41 21 7.3 4.0 | -6.9 19.6 250 39 20 7.1 3.9
16000 -5.9 21.4 245 40 21 6.9 3.8 | -5.7 21.7 250 38 20 7.8 4.3
15500 -4.9 23.2 245 40 20 6.9 3.8 | -4.5 23.9 250 38 19 7.9 4.3
15000 -4.0 24.8 245 39 20 5.1 2.8 | -3.3 26.1 250 37 19 8.3 4.6
14500 -3.2 26.2 245 37 19 5.3 2.9 | -2.1 28.2 255 36 18 8.6 4.7
14000 -2.4 27.7 245 35 18 5.5 3.0 | -1.1 30.0 255 34 17 4.0 2.2
13500 -1.7 28.9 250 33 17 5.7 3.1 | -0.6 30.9 255 30 15 4.0 2.2
13000 -0.8 30.6 250 30 16 7.5 4.1 | -0.1 31.8 250 26 14 5.5 3.0
12500 0.3 32.5 250 28 15 8.1 4.5 | 0.8 33.4 250 24 12 6.1 3.3
12000 1.4 34.5 250 26 14 9.2 5.0 | 1.6 34.9 245 21 11 8.1 4.4
11500 2.8 37.0 250 26 13 9.6 5.3 | 3.0 37.4 245 21 11 9.2 5.0
11000 4.8 40.6 250 24 13 8.5 4.7 | 5.1 41.2 245 20 10 9.4 5.1
10500 6.1 43.0 250 24 12 10.1 5.6 | 6.4 43.5 240 20 10 9.3 5.1
10250 6.9 44.4 245 23 12 8.0 4.4 | 7.1 44.8 240 19 10 9.4 5.2
10000 7.2 45.0 245 22 11 4.3 2.4 | 7.8 46.0 240 19 10 9.5 5.2
9750 7.6 45.7 245 21 11 5.6 3.1 | 8.5 47.3 240 19 10 9.4 5.2
9500 7.9 46.2 240 19 10 4.1 2.3 | 9.2 48.6 240 19 10 9.5 5.2
9250 8.2 46.8 240 17 9 3.9 2.2 | 10.0 50.0 240 19 10 9.8 5.4
9000 8.5 47.3 235 15 8 5.3 2.9 | 10.7 51.3 240 19 10 9.9 5.5
8750 8.9 48.0 230 14 7 5.4 3.0 | 11.4 52.5 240 18 10 9.9 5.4
8500 9.3 48.7 230 12 6 5.2 2.8 | 12.2 54.0 240 18 9 9.9 5.4
8250 9.7 49.5 225 10 5 5.6 3.1 | 12.9 55.2 240 18 9 10.2 5.6
8000 10.2 50.4 225 9 5 7.8 4.3 | 13.7 56.7 240 18 9 10.7 5.9
7750 10.8 51.4 220 8 4 8.9 4.9 | 14.5 58.1 240 17 9 11.0 6.0
7500 11.5 52.7 215 7 4 8.4 4.6 | 15.3 59.5 240 17 9 10.6 5.8
7250 12.1 53.8 215 6 3 8.4 4.6 | 16.1 61.0 240 17 9 10.8 5.9
7000 12.7 54.9 210 6 3 8.6 4.7 | 16.9 62.4 240 16 8 9.4 5.1
6750 13.5 56.3 210 5 3 12.4 6.8 | 17.7 63.9 240 16 8 15.9 8.7
6500 15.0 59.0 210 5 3 32.0 17.6 | 20.5 68.9 240 14 7 74.0 40.6
04/16/2025 at 1500 MDT | 04/16/2025 at 1800 MDT
|
CAPE... +1.0 LI... +1.4 | CAPE... +0.6 LI... -0.3
CINH... 0.0 K Index... +13.1 | CINH... -1.1 K Index... +11.0
|
Height Temperature Wnd WndSpd Lapse Rate | Temperature Wnd WndSpd Lapse Rate
ft MSL deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft | deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
50000 -64.0 -83.2 250 67 35 0.6 0.3 | -63.4 -82.1 250 73 38 0.4 0.2
45000 -63.0 -81.4 250 81 42 2.0 1.1 | -62.6 -80.7 250 87 45 1.7 1.0
40000 -59.9 -75.8 250 85 44 1.5 0.8 | -60.1 -76.2 255 85 44 1.8 1.0
38000 -56.9 -70.4 250 78 40 5.7 3.1 | -56.9 -70.4 255 79 41 5.7 3.1
36000 -53.5 -64.3 250 69 36 5.7 3.1 | -53.5 -64.3 255 72 37 5.7 3.1
34000 -49.2 -56.6 250 63 32 8.4 4.6 | -49.2 -56.6 255 67 34 8.5 4.7
32000 -44.2 -47.6 250 59 30 8.4 4.6 | -44.1 -47.4 255 62 32 8.5 4.7
30000 -39.1 -38.4 245 56 29 8.9 4.9 | -38.9 -38.0 255 58 30 8.8 4.8
29000 -36.4 -33.5 245 54 28 8.9 4.9 | -36.3 -33.3 255 57 29 8.8 4.8
28000 -33.7 -28.7 245 53 27 8.9 4.9 | -33.6 -28.5 250 56 29 8.8 4.8
27000 -31.1 -24.0 245 52 27 8.5 4.7 | -31.1 -24.0 250 55 28 8.1 4.4
26000 -28.6 -19.5 245 52 27 8.5 4.7 | -28.6 -19.5 250 55 29 8.1 4.4
25000 -25.4 -13.7 245 51 26 8.5 4.6 | -25.6 -14.1 250 56 29 8.0 4.4
24000 -23.0 -9.4 245 50 26 7.8 4.3 | -23.6 -10.5 250 54 28 5.4 2.9
23000 -20.6 -5.1 245 50 26 7.8 4.3 | -22.0 -7.6 245 49 25 5.4 3.0
22000 -18.3 -0.9 245 49 25 7.8 4.3 | -20.4 -4.7 235 45 23 5.6 3.0
21000 -16.4 2.5 245 48 24 5.3 2.9 | -18.4 -1.1 235 41 21 7.9 4.3
20000 -14.9 5.2 250 44 23 5.4 2.9 | -16.1 3.0 240 37 19 8.0 4.4
19500 -14.1 6.6 250 43 22 5.4 3.0 | -14.9 5.2 240 34 18 8.0 4.4
19000 -13.3 8.1 250 41 21 5.4 3.0 | -13.7 7.3 240 32 16 8.4 4.6
18500 -12.6 9.3 250 38 19 5.3 2.9 | -12.4 9.7 240 31 16 9.5 5.2
18000 -11.8 10.8 250 33 17 5.1 2.8 | -10.9 12.4 245 31 16 9.4 5.2
17500 -10.9 12.4 250 30 16 9.0 5.0 | -9.5 14.9 245 30 15 9.6 5.3
17000 -9.5 14.9 250 29 15 9.3 5.1 | -8.1 17.4 245 30 15 9.6 5.3
16500 -8.1 17.4 250 29 15 9.4 5.2 | -6.6 20.1 245 29 15 9.7 5.3
16000 -6.7 19.9 250 28 15 9.5 5.2 | -5.2 22.6 245 29 15 9.8 5.4
15500 -5.2 22.6 250 28 14 9.5 5.2 | -3.7 25.3 245 29 15 9.8 5.4
15000 -3.8 25.2 250 28 14 9.7 5.3 | -2.3 27.9 250 29 15 9.6 5.3
14500 -2.4 27.7 250 27 14 9.7 5.3 | -0.8 30.6 250 28 15 9.6 5.3
14000 -0.9 30.4 250 27 14 9.6 5.3 | 0.6 33.1 250 28 15 9.7 5.3
13500 0.5 32.9 250 27 14 9.6 5.3 | 2.1 35.8 250 28 14 9.7 5.3
13000 2.0 35.6 250 27 14 9.6 5.3 | 3.5 38.3 250 28 14 9.8 5.4
12500 3.4 38.1 250 27 14 9.6 5.2 | 5.0 41.0 255 28 14 9.8 5.4
12000 4.8 40.6 250 27 14 9.5 5.2 | 6.5 43.7 255 27 14 9.5 5.2
11500 6.2 43.2 245 26 14 9.5 5.2 | 7.8 46.0 255 27 14 9.7 5.3
11000 7.7 45.9 245 26 13 9.8 5.4 | 9.4 48.9 255 27 14 9.9 5.4
10500 9.9 49.8 245 25 13 9.4 5.2 | 11.5 52.7 260 27 14 10.0 5.5
10250 10.6 51.1 245 25 13 9.5 5.2 | 12.3 54.1 260 27 14 10.3 5.6
10000 11.3 52.3 245 25 13 10.1 5.5 | 13.0 55.4 260 27 14 9.6 5.3
9750 12.1 53.8 245 25 13 10.0 5.5 | 13.7 56.7 260 27 14 9.7 5.3
9500 12.8 55.0 245 25 13 9.7 5.3 | 14.4 57.9 260 27 14 9.7 5.3
9250 13.5 56.3 240 25 13 9.7 5.3 | 15.2 59.4 260 27 14 9.7 5.3
9000 14.3 57.7 240 24 13 10.1 5.5 | 15.9 60.6 260 27 14 9.8 5.4
8750 15.0 59.0 240 24 12 10.0 5.5 | 16.6 61.9 265 27 14 9.8 5.4
8500 15.8 60.4 240 24 12 10.0 5.5 | 17.4 63.3 265 27 14 9.8 5.4
8250 16.5 61.7 240 24 12 10.3 5.6 | 18.1 64.6 265 27 14 9.8 5.4
8000 17.3 63.1 240 23 12 10.7 5.9 | 18.8 65.8 265 26 14 9.8 5.4
7750 18.1 64.6 240 23 12 10.8 5.9 | 19.6 67.3 265 26 13 9.7 5.3
7500 18.9 66.0 240 22 11 10.6 5.8 | 20.3 68.5 265 25 13 9.8 5.4
7250 19.7 67.5 240 22 11 10.2 5.6 | 21.0 69.8 265 25 13 10.2 5.6
7000 20.6 69.1 235 21 11 16.9 9.3 | 21.8 71.2 270 24 12 11.9 6.5
6750 22.3 72.1 235 19 10 27.9 15.3 | 22.8 73.0 270 21 11 13.9 7.6
6500 24.0 75.2 235 17 9 8.4 4.6 | 23.8 74.8 270 19 10 10.6 5.8
________________________________________________________________________________
This product is issued once per day, at approximately 730 AM local
time. It is not continuously monitored nor updated after its initial
issuance.
The information contained herein is based on numerical weather prediction
model data for the Santa Fe County Municipal Airport site in Santa Fe, New Mexico at
North Latitude: 35.61097 deg
West Longitude: 106.61097 deg
Elevation: 6279.5 feet (1936.0 meters)
and may not be representative of other areas along and east of the Sandia
and Manzano Mountains. Note that some elevations in numerical weather
prediction models differ from actual station elevations, which can lead to
data which appear to be below ground. Erroneous data such as these should
not be used.
The content and format of this report as well as the issuance times are subject
to change without prior notice. Comments are welcome and should be directed
to one of the addresses or phone numbers shown at the bottom of this page.
DEFINITIONS:
CAPE (Convective Available Potential Energy) - An integrated measure of the
energy available for convective development, also known as the positive
area on a thermodynamic diagram. Units are Joules per kilogram. Larger
values are indicative of greater instability and the possibility of
stronger convective activity, including thunderstorms. Values around or
greater than 1000 suggest the possibility of severe weather should
convective activity develop.
CINH (Convective Inhibition) - An integrated measure of the amount of energy
needed to initiate convective activity, also known as the negative area on
a thermodynamic diagram. Units are Joules per kilogram. The more negative
this number, the more energy is required to initiate convection. This
inhibitive energy can be overcome through surface heating, cooling aloft,
lifting mechanisms (orographic, frontal, gravity waves, etc.)
Convective Condensation Level - The height to which an air parcel possessing the
average saturation mixing ratio in the lowest 4000 feet of the airmass,
if heated sufficiently from below, will rise dry adiabatically until it
just becomes saturated. It estimates the base of cumulus clouds that are
produced by surface heating only.
Convection Temperature (ConvectionT) - The surface temperature required to make
the airmass dry adiabatic up to the given level. It can be considered a
"trigger temperature" for that level.
Freezing Level - The height where the temperature is zero degrees Celsius.
Height of Stable Layer - The height (between 12,000 and 18,000 feet above
mean sea level) where the smallest lapse rate exists. The location and
existence of this feature is important in the generation of mountain
waves.
K Index - A measure of stability which combines the temperature difference
between approximately 5,000 and 18,000 feet above the surface, the amount
of moisture at approximately 5,000 feet above the surface, and a measure
of the dryness at approximately 10,000 feet above the surface. Larger
positive numbers indicate more instability and a greater likelihood of
thunderstorm development. One interpretation of K index values regarding
soaring in the western United States is given in WMO Technical Note 158
and is reproduced in the following table:
below -10 no or weak thermals
-10 to 5 dry thermals or 1/8 cumulus with moderate thermals
5 to 15 good soaring conditions
15 to 20 good soaring conditions with occasional showers
20 to 30 excellent soaring conditions, but increasing
probability of showers and thunderstorms
above 30 more than 60 percent probability of thunderstorms
Lapse Rate - The change with height of the temperature. Negative values indicate
inversions.
Lifted Condensation Level - The height to which an air parcel possessing the
average dew point in the lowest 4000 feet of the airmass and the forecast
maximum temperature must be lifted dry adiabatically to attain saturation.
Lifted Index (LI) - The difference between the environmental temperature at a
level approximately 18,000 feet above the surface and the temperature of
an air parcel lifted dry adiabatically from the surface to its lifted
condensation level and then pseudoadiabatically thereafter to this same
level. The parcel's initial temperature is the forecast maximum
temperature and its dew point is the average dew point in the lowest 4000
feet of the airmass. Negative values are indicative of instability with
positive values showing stable conditions.
Lift Rate - An experimental estimate of the strength of thermals. It is
computed the same way as the maximum rate of lift but uses the actual
level rather than the maximum height of thermals in the calculation.
Also, none of the empirical adjustments based on cloudiness and K-index
are applied to these calculations.
Maximum Height of Thermals - The height where the dry adiabat through the
forecast maximum temperature intersects the environmental temperature.
Maximum Rate of Lift - An estimate of the maximum strength of thermals. It
is computed from an empirical formula which combines the expected maximum
height of thermals with the difference in the environmental temperatures
between the maximum height of thermals and the temperature 4,000 feet
above the ground. After this computation, further empirical adjustments
are made based on the value of the K-index and the amount and opacity of
middle and high level cloudiness expected between the time of trigger
temperature and the time of overdevelopment.
Middle/High Clouds - The amount and opacity of middle (altostratus, altocumulus)
or high (cirrus, cirrostratus, cirrocumulus) clouds. Broken means that
between 60% and 90% of the sky is covered by the cloud, with overcast
conditions occurring when more than 90% of the sky is covered by the cloud.
Thin implies that the clouds are predominantly transparent, meaning that
some sunlight is reaching the ground, in contrast to opaque which suggests
that little sunlight is reaching the ground.
Potential Height of Wave - The minimum of the following two heights:
1. Level above the height of stable layer (or 14,000 feet if none exists)
where the wind direction changes by 30 degrees or more
2. Level above the height of stable layer (or 14,000 feet if none exists)
where the wind speed no longer increases with height
PVA/NVA - Positive vorticity advection (PVA)/negative vorticity advection (NVA)
on the 500 millibar isobaric surface (approximately 18,000 feet above mean
sea level). Weak PVA has been shown to assist in mountain wave soaring.
Soaring Window - The time between the time the trigger temperature is reached
and the time of overdevelopment.
Thermal Index - The difference between the environmental temperature and the
temperature at a particular level determined by following the dry adiabat
through the forecast maximum temperature up to that level. Negative values
are indicative of thermal lift.
Thermal Soaring Index - An adjective rating (for sailplanes) based on the
computed maximum rate of lift, and the wind speed and middle and high
cloud cover expected during the soaring window (the time of the trigger
temperature and the time of overdevelopment) according to the following:
Maximum rate of lift Adjective Rating
>= 800 fpm Excellent
>= 400 and < 800 fpm Good
>= 200 and < 400 fpm Fair
< 200 fpm Poor
Time of Overdevelopment - The time one or more of the following phenomena,
which essentially shut off thermal lift, is expected to occur:
1. formation of broken to overcast convective cloud cover
2. formation of scattered to numerous downbursts
3. initiation of widespread precipitation
Time of Trigger Temperature - The time the surface temperature is expected to
reach the trigger temperature.
Trigger Temperature - The surface temperature required to make the first 4000
feet of the atmosphere dry adiabatic.
Wave Soaring Index - An empirical, adjective rating (for sailplanes) which
attempts to combine a variety of phenomena important in mountain wave
soaring into a single index number. Objective points are assigned to
these phenomena: wind speed and direction at 14,000 ft MSL, the static
stability in the 12,000-18,000 ft MSL layer, the wind speed gradient above
the stable layer, jet stream location and frontal and upper trough
movements.
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