Spring Freeze Feature

Spring Freeze Data For New Mexico

The growing season across New Mexico varies considerably, due to the large variation in elevation. The lowest elevations are near 3,000 feet in the far southeast plains (around Jal), while the highest elevations tower above 13,000 feet (Wheeler Peak). The San Juan, Rio Grande, Canadian and Pecos river valleys also affect the growing season, as cold air sinks into the valleys on many fall and winter nights. To complicate matters, there is often what is called a 'thermal belt' above the cold pool of air in the valley. This is a layer of air that is considerably warmer than farther down in the valley. This thermal belt is usually located near the mid slope of a mountain or more gently sloping terrain. A good example exists around Albuquerque. At the valley floor, temperatures can be ten or more degrees colder than at the Albuquerque Sunport, while the Sunport will generally be several degrees warmer than the foothills.

A 'freeze' is considered to have occurred whenever the temperature drops to 32 degrees or lower. A growing season is calculated by taking the number of days between the last freeze in the spring and the first freeze in the fall. However, plants or crops do not necessarily follow this rule. A low temperature of 31 or 32 degrees for a short period of time, say less than two hours, probably will not harm most plants or crops. But if the temperature drops to 28 or 29 degrees for a few hours, most vegetation will be damaged. As a side note, frost can form when a solid surface (like a car or plants) is in contact with the air and the solid surface's temperature drops to 32 degrees or colder. The extent of the frost depends on how much moisture is in the air. If the temperature is above 32 degrees and there is enough moisture in the air, then dew (a liquid) forms instead of frost (a solid).

Place your cursor over a green circle on the map below to view probabilistic freeze data for locations across New Mexico, including the 90th, 50th (average), and 10th percentiles for 32° and 28°.

An interactive map of average last freeze dates is also available at climate.gov.

An extensive list of spring freeze data for select locations in New Mexico has been compiled using the NCEI summary of annual agricultural normals for the period 1991-2020.

Map of New Mexico With Locations Freeze Dates

Map of Freeze Program Forecast Zones

Not all of the 41 forecast zones within the Albuquerque National Weather Service county warning area receive freeze warnings during the spring season. The map below outlines areas in light blue where freeze warnings are issued during the spring season. There are two main reasons why not every forecast zone in our county warning area receive freeze warnings. The primary reason a forecast zone does not receive a freeze warning is that a freeze is possible at any time of year for mountain zones and for elevated plateaus of northern and western New Mexico. The secondary reason is portions of New Mexico do not, and cannot, support significant agricultural production due to the intense desert climate and lack of irrigation.

The table below highlights the average number of days for the growing season around the Albuquerque metro area (average number of days between the last freeze in the spring and first freeze in the fall each year.)

Average Length of Growing Season for the Albuquerque Metro Area
Location	Average Days
Albuquerque Sunport	210
Albuquerque Foothills	193
Albuquerque South Valley	187
Sandia Park (inactive station)	174
Los Lunas 3 SSW	171
Corrales	161
Moriarty	144

Albuquerque Metro Area Recent Last Spring Freeze Dates
Location	2023	2022	2021	2020	2019	2018
Albuquerque Sunport	April 6	March 23	March 25	April 15	April 1	March 20
Albuquerque Foothills	April 7	n/a	April 21	n/a	n/a	April 19
Albuquerque South Valley	n/a	n/a	April 19	April 15	April 14	April 18
Los Lunas 3 SSW	April 29	April 15	April 24	April 16	April 15	April 21
Corrales	April 16	April 14	n/a	April 15	April 14	April 17

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