Winter Weather Awareness Week, November 29 through December 5, 2015.

OUTLOOK FOR THIS WINTER...

NOAA'S OFFICIAL OUTLOOK FEATURES A HIGH CHANCE OF ABOVE NORMAL
PRECIPITATION FOR EASTERN NORTH CAROLINA. THE SEASONAL OUTLOOK DOES
NOT PROJECT WHERE AND WHEN SNOW OR ICE STORMS MAY HIT OR PROVIDE
TOTAL SEASONAL SNOWFALL ACCUMULATIONS. SNOW AND ICE FORECASTS ARE
DEPENDENT UPON THE STRENGTH AND TRACK OF WINTER STORMS, WHICH ARE
NOT PREDICTABLE MORE THAN A WEEK IN ADVANCE.  

THE WINTER SEASON TEMPERATURE FORECAST FOR NORTH CAROLINA LACKS A
STRONG ENOUGH CLIMATE SIGNAL TO MAKE A PREDICTION, SO THERE IS
GENERALLY AN EQUAL CHANCE OF ABOVE, BELOW, OR NEAR NORMAL TEMPS
THIS WINTER ACROSS THE STATE.

REGARDLESS OF THE PREDICTION FOR THIS WINTER'S WEATHER, EVERYONE
SHOULD USE THIS WEEK TO PREPARE FOR THE UPCOMING WINTER MONTHS AND
THE POSSIBILITY OF WINTER STORMS. BELOW ARE SOME DEFINITIONS OF
WINTER STORM WATCHES, WARNINGS, AND ADVISORIES, AND VARIOUS WINTER
PRECIPITATION TYPES.

...WINTER STORM WATCHES AND WARNINGS...

WATCHES AND WARNINGS ARE ISSUED BY THE NWS FOR POTENTIALLY LIFE-
THREATENING CONDITIONS. IN WINTER, WATCHES AND WARNINGS ARE ISSUED
FOR SIGNIFICANT SNOW AND/OR ICE STORMS. BELOW ARE A LIST OF WINTER
WEATHER WATCHES, WARNINGS, AND ADVISORIES.

WINTER STORM WATCH - ISSUED WHEN THERE IS AT LEAST 3 INCHES OF SNOW
AND/OR ICE ACCUMULATIONS OF 1/4 INCH OR MORE POSSIBLE WITHIN THE NEXT
24 TO 48 HOURS.

WINTER STORM WARNING - ISSUED WHEN AT LEAST 3 INCHES OF SNOW AND/OR
ICE ACCUMULATIONS OF 1/4 INCH OR MORE ARE EXPECTED WITHIN 24 TO 36
HOURS.

WINTER WEATHER ADVISORY - ISSUED WHEN 1 TO 2 INCHES OF SNOW OR ICE
ACCUMULATIONS OF A TRACE TO LESS THAN 1/4 INCH ARE LIKELY WITHIN 24
TO 36 HOURS.

WIND CHILL WARNING - ISSUED WHEN WIND CHILL TEMPERATURES (THE COMBINED
EFFECT OF WIND AND TEMPERATURE ON EXPOSED SKIN) ARE FORECAST TO REACH
15 BELOW ZERO OR COLDER.

WIND CHILL ADVISORY - ISSUED WHEN WIND CHILL TEMPERATURES ARE FORECAST
TO REACH ZERO DEGREES OR COLDER.

WINTER STORMS ARE DECEPTIVE KILLERS BECAUSE MOST DEATHS ARE INDIRECTLY
RELATED TO THE STORM. EXAMPLES ARE TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS DUE TO ICY ROADS,
HEART ATTACKS WHILE SHOVELING SNOW, FIRES, AND CARBON MONOXIDE
POISONING. THE NWS ISSUES ADVISORIES, WATCHES, AND WARNINGS TO HELP
YOU PREPARE FOR UPCOMING WINTER WEATHER AND TAKE APPROPRIATE ACTION
TO PROTECT YOURSELF AND LOVED ONES, AS WELL AS PROTECT YOUR PROPERTY.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ON WINTER WEATHER PREPAREDNESS CAN BE OBTAINED
ON-LINE THROUGH THE NC DEPARTMENT OF EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT HOME PAGE.

THE URL IS: HTTP://READYNC.ORG

UP-TO-DATE WEATHER INFORMATION IS AVAILABLE ON-LINE FROM THE FOLLOWING
NWS SITES SERVING NC:

NWS RALEIGH, NC: WEATHER.GOV/RAH
NWS BLACKSBURG, VA: WEATHER.GOV/RNK
NWS WILMINGTON, NC: WEATHER.GOV/ILM
NWS NEWPORT/MOREHEAD, NC: WEATHER.GOV/MHX
NWS GREENVILLE/SPARTANBURG, SC: WEATHER.GOV/GSP

WINTER STORMS BRING SIGNIFICANT AND SOMETIMES RAPID CHANGES IN THE 
WEATHER WHICH CAN GREATLY AFFECT OUR LIVES AND SAFETY. WINTER STORMS 
CAN DEVELOP AND LAST FOR SEVERAL DAYS. THEY ARE OFTEN ACCOMPANIED BY 
HIGH WINDS, FREEZING RAIN OR SLEET, HEAVY SNOWFALL, AND COLD 
TEMPERATURES. PEOPLE CAN BECOME TRAPPED IN THEIR CARS OR AT HOME FOR 
LONG PERIODS OF TIME WITHOUT UTILITIES OR OTHER NECESSARY SERVICES.  

WINTER STORMS CAN RESULT FROM A VARIETY OF WEATHER PATTERNS HOWEVER 
THE TWO MOST COMMON AND DANGEROUS WEATHER FEATURES WHICH SUPPORT 
WINTER STORMS ARE NOREASTERS AND COLD AIR DAMMING. 

NOREASTERS ARE POWERFUL LOW PRESSURE SYSTEMS THAT DEVELOP JUST OFF 
THE CAROLINA COAST. THE REASON THE NORTH CAROLINA WATERS ARE SO 
FAVORABLE FOR NOREASTER DEVELOPMENT IS DUE TO THE PROXIMITY OF THE 
GULF STREAM. WHEN COLD AIR RUSHES OUT OVER THE OCEAN AND OVER THE 
GULF STREAM IT SOMETIMES CREATES A VERY UNSTABLE AND VOLATILE 
SITUATION. WHEN THIS COMBINES WITH INCREASED ENERGY OF THE POLAR JET 
IN THE UPPER LEVELS OF THE ATMOSPHERE A NOREASTER CAN RAPIDLY 
DEVELOP RESULTING IN HIGH WINDS, FLOODING, AND HEAVY SNOWFALL.

WATER LEVELS INCREASE ACROSS AREAS ADJACENT TO SOUTHERN PORTION
OF THE PAMLICO SOUND WHEN STRONG AND PERSISTENT NORTH TO NORTHEAST
WINDS DEVELOP. SUSTAINED NORTH TO NORTHEAST WINDS OF 35 TO 40 KNOTS
FOR A DURATION OF 12 HOURS, OR SUSTAINED WINDS OF 40 KNOTS FOR A
SHORTER DURATION WILL CAUSE WATER LEVELS TO RISE TO AROUND 4 FEET.
CEDAR ISLAND, SOUTH RIVER, HARLOWE, NEW BERN, ORIENTAL, AND BAYBORO
ARE SOME OF THE AREAS VULNERABLE TO FLOODING WITH THESE CONDITIONS.
WHEN STRONG WEST AND SOUTHWEST WINDS OCCUR SOUND-SIDE FLOODING CAN
RESULT ON THE OUTER BANKS. SUCH WAS THE CASE IN MARCH OF 1993 WHEN
THE SUPERSTORM MOVED WEST OF THE AREA. WATER LEVELS ROSE TO 4 TO
6 FEET ABOVE NORMAL FROM AVON TO RODANTHE.  

COLD AIR DAMMING CAN IMPACT AREAS AS FAR EAST AS THE COASTAL PLAINS. 
THIS OCCURS WHEN COLD HIGH PRESSURE PASSES TO THE NORTH AND COLD 
NORTH TO NORTHEAST WINDS DEVELOP. THIS COLD AIR IS HEAVY AND BACKS 
UP AGAINST THE MOUNTAINS AS IT FLOWS TO THE SOUTH. THE MOUNTAINS ACT
AS A DAM CAUSING THE COLD AIR TO PILE UP ACROSS THE PIEDMONT AND 
SOMETIMES AS FAR EAST AS THE COASTAL PLAIN. WHEN LIGHTER WARM MOIST 
AIR OVERRUNS THIS POOL OF COLD AIR FREEZING RAIN, SLEET AND SNOW CAN 
RESULT. WINTER STORMS SUCH AS THESE CAN MAKE TRAVEL EXTREMELY 
HAZARDOUS. THE AFTERMATH OF A MAJOR WINTER STORM CAN HAVE A 
SIGNIFICANT IMPACT ON A COMMUNITY OR AN ENTIRE REGION. WINTER STORMS 
ARE CONSIDERED TO BE DECEPTIVE KILLERS BECAUSE MOST DEATHS ARE 
INDIRECTLY RELATED TO THE STORM. PEOPLE DIE IN TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS ON 
ICY ROADS, FROM HEART ATTACKS WHILE SHOVELING SNOW, OR SUCCUMB TO 
FIRES OR CARBON MONOXIDE WHILE TRYING TO HEAT THEIR HOMES 
IMPROPERLY.

IS YOUR HOME PREPARED FOR WINTER?

WE THINK OF OUR HOMES AS THE PLACE WE WANT TO BE WHEN THE WEATHER
TURNS COLD AND BLUSTERY. HOWEVER, IF CERTAIN PRECAUTIONS ARE NOT
TAKEN BEFORE A WINTER STORM STRIKES, LIFE AT HOME CAN BE JUST AS
MISERABLE AS THE WEATHER OUTSIDE.

SEVERE WINTER STORMS PRODUCE CONDITIONS WHICH CAN ISOLATE YOU IN YOUR
HOME FOR SEVERAL DAYS. PROLONGED LOSS OF POWER AND TELEPHONE SERVICES
CAN SEVERELY LIMIT YOUR ABILITY TO HEAT YOUR HOME AND CALL FOR HELP.
IN SEVERE WINTER STORMS, OBTAINING SUPPLIES, FOOD AND OTHER
NECESSITIES CAN BE HAMPERED OR PREVENTED BY POOR ROAD CONDITIONS. THE
FOLLOWING ARE SOME HELPFUL HINTS TO MAKE YOUR HOME A SAFE HAVEN DURING
WINTER WEATHER.

STOCK AN EMERGENCY SUPPLY OF FOOD AND WATER PRIOR TO THE ONSET OF A
WINTER STORM. INCLUDE FOOD ITEMS WHICH REQUIRE NO COOKING SUCH AS
CANNED MEATS, PEANUT BUTTER AND OTHER NON-PERISHABLES. ALSO DO NOT
FORGET TO HAVE NECESSARY MEDICINES AND BABY ITEMS ON HAND. A THREE
TO FIVE DAY SUPPLY OF FOOD AND MEDICINE IS GENERALLY SUFFICIENT. ALSO
MAKE SURE YOU HAVE A MANUAL CAN OPENER.

KEEP AN ADEQUATE SUPPLY OF HEATING FUEL (FIREWOOD, KEROSENE, ETC.) AT
YOUR HOME. USE YOUR FUEL PROPERLY AND SPARINGLY AS SUPPLIES MAY BE IN
SHORT ORDER DURING WINTER STORMS. USE HEATERS ADN FUELS PROPERLY AND
SAFELY IN ORDER TO AVOID DEADLY FIRES AND CARBON MONOXIDE.

KEEP ON HAND A FLASHLIGHT, BATTERY POWERED RADIO, EXTRA BATTERIES, AND
A FIRST AID KIT.

PREVENT WATER PIPES FROM FREEZING BY WRAPPING THEM WITH INSULATION OR
NEWSPAPER COVERED WITH PLASTIC. IN REALLY COLD WEATHER, LET YOUR
FAUCETS DRIP SLIGHTLY TO PREVENT FREEZING. IF YOUR PIPES DO FREEEZE,
REMOVE THE INSULATION AND WRAP THE PIPES IN RAGS. OPEN EVERY FAUCET
IN THE HOUSE AND POUR HOT WATER OVER THE RAP WRAPPED PIPES. ALSO, KNOW
HOW TO SHUT OFF YOUR HOME'S WATER SUPPLY SHOULD WATER LINES BREAK.

KEEP GENERATORS WELL AWAY FROM THE HOME. NEVER RUN A GENERATOR IN YOUR
GARAGE OR ANY OTHER ENCLOSED AREA. CARBON MONOXIDE FROM THE EXHAUST
OF THE GENERATOR CAN BE A SILET KILLER. ALSO MAKE SURE YOUR GENERATOR
IS PROPERLY WIRED TO YOUR HOME.

NEVER HEAT YOUR HOME USING A CHARCOAL GRILL, GAS GRILL, OR CAMP STOVE.
GRILLS AND CAMP STOVES CAN CREATE DEADLY CARBON MONOXIDE FUMES THAT
WILL BUILD UP WHEN USED IN YOUR HOME. ALWAYS USE GRILLS OUTSIDE.

DUE TO THE USE OF ALTERNATIVE HEATING SOURCES, HOUSE FIRES CAN BE A
REAL DANGER DURING WINTER STORMS, SO MAKE SURE THAT EVERY FAMILY
MEMBER KNOWS HOW TO EVACUATE THE HOME IN THE EVENT OF A FIRE. MAKE
SURE YOU AND YOUR FAMILY DESIGNATE AN OUTDOOR MEETING PLACE IF YOU
DO HAVE TO LEAVE YOUR HOME QUICKLY BECAUSE OF A FIRE. ALSO MAKE SURE
ALL SMOKE DETECTORS ARE WORKING PROPERLY AND HAVE FRESH BATTERIES.

BEING PREPARED FOR WINTER WEATHER MEANS HAVING THE NECESSARY
INFORMATION TO MAKE THE RIGHT DECISIONS. WEATHER FORECASTS PLAY A
LARGE ROLE IN THIS DECISION MAKING PROCESS. THE NATIONAL WEATHER
SERVICE RECOMMENDS THAT YOU REGULARLY CHECK ITS WEB SITE OR TUNE INTO
NOAA WEATHER RADIO, LOCAL TELEVISION, AND LOCAL RADIO IN ORDER TO KEEP
INFORMED OF WEATHER CONDITIONS AND FORECASTS THIS WINTER.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ON WINTER WEATHER PREPAREDNESS CAN BE OBTAINED
ON-LINE THROUGH THE NC DEPARTMENT OF EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT HOME PAGE:

HTTP://READYNC.ORG

DRIVING IN WINTER WEATHER:

SEVENTY FIVE PERCENT OF ALL WINTER WEATHER RELATED DEATHS OCCUR ON
THE ROAD, EITHER IN ACCIDENTS OR BY PEOPLE BECOMING STRANDED. WHEN THE
WEATHER IS BAD AND DRIVING CONDITIONS ARE POOR, THE BEST BET IS TO
STAY AT HOME. HOWEVER, IF YOU MUST VENTURE OUT, THE FOLLOWING TIPS
COULD MAKE FOR A SAFER JOURNEY.

1) MAKE SURE YOUR CAR IS IN GOOD RUNNING CONDITION. MAKE SURE THAT
YOUR BATTERY, ANTIFREEZE, WINDSHIELD WIPERS, IGNITION AND THERMOSTAT
ARE ALL IN GOOD WORKING ORDER. BE SURE YOUR TIRES HAVE ENOUGH TREAD.
REPLACE ANY OF THESE ITEMS IF NECESSARY.

2) IF YOU MUST GO OUT WHEN SNOW AND ICE ARE ON THE GROUND, LET SOMEONE
KNOW YOUR DESTINATION AND WHEN YOU PLAN TO ARRIVE. ALSO TAKE A CELL
PHONE WITH YOU IF POSSIBLE.

3) CLEAN SNOW AND ICE OFF ALL PARTS OF YOUR CAR BEFORE YOU DRIVE AWAY.

4) KEEP YOUR GAS TANK AS FULL AS POSSIBLE WHEN SNOW OR ICE ARE
FORECAST. THIS WILL NOT ONLY GIVE YOU ADDED PIECE OF MIND, IT ALSO
INCREASES THE WEIGHT OF YOUR CAR AND THIS WILL PROVIDE ADDITIONAL
TRACTION.

5) KEEP THE FOLLOWING BASIC ITEMS IN YOUR CAR - WINDSHIELD SCRAPER AND
BRUSH, BOOSTER/JUMPER CABLES, A TOW CHAIN OR ROPE, BAG OF SAND OR
SALT, BLANKETS, FLASHLIGHT, FIRST AID KIT AND ROAD MAP.

6) OVERALL DRIVE SLOW. DRIVING AT EVEN POSTED SPEEDS IS EXTREMELY
DANGEROUS WHEN SNOW AND ICE ARE ON THE ROAD. MANY VEHICLES WILL LOSE
TRACTION ESPECIALLY AT HIGHER SPEEDS RESULTING IN SERIOUS ACCIDENTS
AND VEHICLE ROLLOVERS.

7) STEER YOUR CAR INTO THE SKID. IF YOUR VEHICLE LOSES TRACTION AND
BEGINS TO SKID, STEER THE FRONT TIRES INTO THE DIRECTION OF THE SKID.
NEVER HIT YOUR BRAKES AS THIS WILL RESULT IN A MORE SERIOUS SKID AND
SPINNING OF THE VEHICLE. WHEN YOUR VEHICLE SKIDS KEEP YOUR COOL AND
REMAIN CALM. AGAIN DRIVING AT SLOWER SPEEDS WILL HELP YOU RECOVER
FROM A SKID.

IF YOU GET STRANDED ON THE ROAD:

1) STAY IN YOUR CAR. DO NOT SEEK ALTERNATE SHELTER UNLESS IT IS CLOSE
BY OR ALREADY VISIBLE. YOU CAN EASILY BECOME DISORIENTED IN HEAVY SNOW
AND COLD TEMPERATURES. TAKE A CELL PHONE WITH YOU WHEN YOU TRAVEL IF
POSSIBLE.

2) PERIODICALLY TURN ON THE CAR ENGINE FOR BRIEF PERIODS. THIS WILL
HELP PROVIDE HEAT TO THE INSIDE OF THE CAR. HOWEVER, TO AVOID CARBON
MONOXIDE GAS BUILDUP, CLEAR THE EXHAUST PIPE OF SNOW AND LEAVE A
DOWNWIND WINDOW SLIGHTLY OPEN FOR VENTILATION.

3) MAKE YOURSELF VISIBLE BY TYING A COLORED CLOTH TO YOUR ANTENNA OR
DOOR, OR BY TURNING ON YOUR DOME LIGHT WHEN RUNNING THE ENGINE.

BEING PREPARED FOR WINTER WEATHER MEANS HAVING THE NECESSARY
INFORMATION TO MAKE THE RIGHT DECISIONS. WEATHER FORECASTS PLAY A
LARGE ROLE IN THIS DECISION MAKING PROCESS. THE NWS RECOMMENDS THAT
YOU REGULARLY CHECK ITS WEB SITE OR TUNE INTO NOAA WEATHER RADIO, LOCAL
TELEVISION AND LOCAL RADIO IN ORDER TO KEEP INFORMED OF WEATHER
CONDITIONS AND FORECASTS THIS WINTER.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ON WINTER WEATHER PREPAREDNESS CAN BE FOUND
ON-LINE THROUGH THE NC DEPARTMENT OF EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT HOME PAGE:

HTTP://READYNC.ORG

TODAY WE WILL TALK ABOUT COLD TEMPERATURES AND THE DANGERS OF FIRE AND
IMPROPER HEATING.

COLD TEMPERATURES ARE A FACT OF WINTER. WITH THE COLD COMES AN INCREASE
IN THE NUMBER OF HOUSE FIRES. ACCORDING TO THE NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION
ASSOCIATION, SOMEONE IS INJURED IN A FIRE EVERY 31 MINUTES, AND SOMEONE
DIES IN A HOUSE FIRE EVERY TWO AND A HALF HOURS. EIGHTY FIVE PERCENT OF
ALL FIRE RELATED DEATHS OCCURRED IN THE HOME RESULTING FROM SMOKE AND
TOXIC FUME INHALATION.

HOUSE FIRES RESULTING FROM HEATING MATERIAL WITHIN THE HOME RANKS
SECOND FOR THE MOST DEATHS AND PROPERTY LOSS FALLING BEHIND IMPROPERLY
DISCARDED SMOKING MATERIAL. CHIMNEY FIRES ARE THE NUMBER ONE CAUSE OF
HOME HEATING FIRES AND ARE TYPICALLY THE RESULT OF A POORLY MAINTAINED
CHIMNEY WHERE CREOSOTE IS ALLOWED TO BUILD UP. FIRES RESULTING FROM
IMPROPER USE OF PORTABLE AND FIXED SPACE HEATERS, INCLUDING WOOD STOVES
ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR A DISPROPORTIONATE SHARE OF FIRE DEATHS. SPACE
HEATERS ARE TYPICALLY INVOLVED IN 25 PERCENT OF HOME HEATING FIRES BUT
ACCOUNT FOR 74 PERCENT OF THE DEATHS.

THE AMERICAN RED CROSS RESPONDS TO MORE THAN 68,000 DISASTERS EACH
YEAR,
THE MAJORITY OF WHICH ARE SINGLE-FAMILY FIRES. ALL TYPES OF COMMON
SPACE HEATING EQUIPMENT ARE INVOLVED IN THESE HOME FIRES, ELECTRIC
HEATERS, KEROSENE HEATERS, WOOD STOVES, FIREPLACES, AND GAS HEATERS.
COMMON CAUSES OF SPACE HEATING HOME FIRES ARE PLACING SPACE HEATERS TOO
CLOSE TO COMBUSTIBLES, AND FUELING ERROS INVOLVING LIQUID OR GAS FUELED
HEATING EQUIPMENT.

THE RED CROSS RECOMMENDS TAKING THE FOLLOWING PREVENTATIVE MEASURES TO
HELP MINIMIZE THE CHANCES AND IMPACT OF FIRE.

1) MAKE SURE ALL SMOKE DETECTORS ARE WORKING PROPERLY AND HAVE FRESH
BATTERIES.

2) BE EXTREMELY CAREFUL WITH CANDLES. COLDER TEMPERATURES RESULT IN
MORE BURNING OF CANDLES. WINTER STORMS AND POWER OUTAGES FURTHER
INCREASE THE USE OF CANDLES AND OIL LAMPS IN THE HOME. KEEP CANDLES
AWAY FROM COMBUSTIBLE MATERIALS. NEVER LEAVE CHILDREN UNATTENDED IN A
ROOM WITH LIT CANDLES. KEEP CANDLES, MATCHES AND LIGHTERS OUT OF REACH
OF CHILDREN.

3) INSPECT FIREPLACES AND WOOD STOVES. HAVE YOUR CHIMNEY CONNECTIONS
AND FLUES INSPECTED BY A PROFESSIONAL AND CLEANED IF NECESSARY PRIOR TO
THE START OF EVERY HEATING SEASON.

4) USE A STURDY SCREEN OR DOOR IN FRONT OF YOUR FIREPLACE WHEN BURNING
FIRES.

5) BURN ONLY WOOD, NEVER BURN PAPER, INCLUDING DISCARDED GIFT WRAP, OR
PINE BOUGHS.

6) DO NOT HANG HOLIDAY DECORATIONS FROM OR ON YOUR FIREPLACE IF YOU
PLAN TO USE IT AS A HEAT SOURCE.

7) BE AWARE OF OVERUSE OF ELECTRICAL OUTLETS. DON'T OVERLOAD YOUR
ELECTRICAL OUTLETS AND BE CAREFUL OF EXTENSION CORDS THAT PRESENT
HAZARDOUS WALKWAYS.

8) HAVE ONE OR MORE WORKING FIRE EXTINGUISHERS IN YOUR HOME. MOST FIRE
DEPARTMENTS WILL PROVIDE TRAINING ON HOW TO USE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS.

MANY PEOPLE FALL VICTIM TO FIRES IN THEIR HOMES DURING THE WINTER. THIS
FACT MEANS THAT EVERYONE SHOULD HAVE A FIRE EXTINGUISHER. MAKE SURE
YOUR FIRE EXTINGUISHER IS FULLY CHARGED. BE SURE TO TEST SMOKE
DETECTORS AND REPLACE ANY BROKEN DETECTORS AND DEAD BATTERIES.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ON WINTER WEATHER PREPAREDNESS CAN BE OBTAINED
ON-LINE THROUGH THE NC DEPARTMENT OF EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT HOME PAGE:

HTTP://READYNC.ORG