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Overview

Radar loop of severe storms that moved through on March 31, 2023.

During the early afternoon of March 31st, 2023, a strong low pressure system entered the Mid-Mississippi Valley. Within the warm sector of that system ahead of a dry line and strong cold front, discrete supercells formed during the late morning across western Missouri and tracked east into the National Weather Service St. Louis County Warning Area. In the presence of abundant instability and strong mid-level lapse rates, large (and in some cases, destructive) hail formed in several of these thunderstorms during the early and mid-afternoon. Hail varying in size from 1.00" to 3.50" was observed from Columbia, Missouri to Brown County, Illinois.

A second wave of severe thunderstorms tracked northeast from southwest Missouri and northern Arkansas, featuring large hail and the potential for tornadoes, given the impressive low-level shear. Despite this, no tornadoes were reported in Missouri during this event. As the cold front crossed the region during the evening of March 31st, the storms directly ahead of it grew upscale into a linear structure. By the time it reached St. Louis and southwest Illinois, it was producing severe wind gusts that uprooted/snapped trees in St. Louis and damaged a few structures in Illinois. Later that evening ahead of this line, the discrete thunderstorms became surface-based as they crossed into Illinois. One supercell produced a tornado in Marion County, IL that caused EF-1 damage in Salem, IL.

Below is a summary of this event, with pictures of damage. Credit to Iowa Environmental Mesonet for the accompanying GIF of radar reflectivity and warnings.

 

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