Overview
A line of showers and thunderstorms raced across the forecast area during the afternoon and early evening hours on August 29th, 2022. Numerous reports of wind damage were received as the main line of thunderstorms tracked from west to east across the area between 2 PM EDT and 6 PM EDT. Severe reports were received of downed trees, along with some instances of trees downed onto cars or houses. Additional storms redeveloped on the evening of August 29th, but these storms were mainly sub-severe in nature. We would like to thank everyone who submitted reports and pictures for this event!Photos & Video
Wind damage was the primary hazard in this event.
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| Wind damage in Wabash, IN Photo courtesy of Micaela Welch |
Wind damage in Wabash, IN Photo courtesy of Micaela Welch |
Tree downed in Chesterfield Township, Fulton Co, OH Photo courtesy of Ben Kessler |
Tree damage in Chesterfield Township, Fulton Co. OH Photo courtesy of Ben Kessler |
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| Wind damage in Athens, MI Photo courtesy of Ben Richmond |
Wind damage to movie screen Photo courtesy of Auburn Garrett Drive In |
Tree downed in Defiance, OH Photo courtesy of Dylan Richards |
Shingle damage in Rochester, IN Photo courtesy of Brayden Zink |
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| Tree downed in North Judson, IN Photo courtesy of Connor WX |
Roof damage in Peru, IN Photo courtesy of Cathy Converse |
Trees downed in Three Rivers, MI Photo courtesy of Roxann Rice |
Wind damage in Tri-Lakes, IN Photo courtesy of Trent Barrett |
Radar
Despite shallow reflectivity radar features, very strong winds produced widespread wind damage.
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| Figure 1. 0.5 KIWX base reflectivity from 3:43 PM ET. | Figure 2. Reflectivity west to east vertical cross section just north of South Bend at 3:43 PM ET. Note the very shallow tops to the storms. | Figure 3. 0.5 base velocity from KIWX radar from 3:43 PM ET. The cyan colors associated with the outflow winds represent wind speeds of 60-70 mph at 1800 feet agl. | Figure 4. KIWX radar loop spanning mid afternoon through early evening Aug 29th. Radar loop courtesy of https://weather.ral.ucar.edu/ |
Storm Reports
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT...SUMMARY
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE NORTHERN INDIANA
1219 AM EDT TUE AUG 30 2022
..TIME... ...EVENT... ...CITY LOCATION... ...LAT.LON...
..DATE... ....MAG.... ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
..REMARKS..
0300 PM TSTM WND GST SAINT JOSEPH 42.10N 86.49W
08/29/2022 M41 MPH BERRIEN MI MESONET
MESONET STATION SJOM4 SAINT JOSEPH.
0301 PM TSTM WND GST 1 N BENTON HEIGHTS 42.13N 86.42W
08/29/2022 M43 MPH BERRIEN MI ASOS
ASOS STATION KBEH BENTON HARBOR.
0304 PM TSTM WND GST 1 N BENTON HEIGHTS 42.13N 86.42W
08/29/2022 M54 MPH BERRIEN MI ASOS
CORRECTS PREVIOUS NON-TSTM WND GST REPORT
FROM 1 N BENTON HEIGHTS. ASOS STATION KBEH
BENTON HARBOR.
0320 PM TSTM WND DMG 1 SE NORTH JUDSON 41.21N 86.76W
08/29/2022 STARKE IN PUBLIC
LARGE LIMBS DOWN AND SOME BENT POWER POLES.
A LIMB WAS DOWN IN THE ROADWAY IN THE AREA.
0326 PM TSTM WND DMG 3 E NEW CARLISLE 41.71N 86.44W
08/29/2022 ST. JOSEPH IN STORM CHASER
A VEHICLE STRUCK A TREE ON US 20 AT THE
INTERSECTION OF SMILAX ROAD. THERE WERE NO
INJURIES REPORTED.
0330 PM TSTM WND DMG 2 SSW BASS LAKE 41.19N 86.61W
08/29/2022 STARKE IN TRAINED SPOTTER
LARGE TREE BRANCH BLOCKING THE ROAD.
0330 PM TSTM WND DMG 2 ESE LYDICK 41.68N 86.34W
08/29/2022 ST. JOSEPH IN TRAINED SPOTTER
*** 1 INJ ***
LARGE TREE DOWN ON CAR. MINOR INJURY WITH A
PARAMEDICS CHECK.
0333 PM TSTM WND GST 3 WNW SOUTH BEND 41.70N 86.32W
08/29/2022 M47 MPH ST. JOSEPH IN ASOS
ASOS STATION KSBN SOUTH BEND INTERNATIONAL
AP.
0335 PM TSTM WND DMG DOWAGIAC 41.98N 86.11W
08/29/2022 CASS MI PUBLIC
LOTS OF BRANCHES DOWN IN THE CITY OF
DOWAGIAC WITH POWER LINES DOWN IN THE
STREET.
0335 PM TSTM WND GST 2 ESE BREMS 41.33N 86.67W
08/29/2022 M52 MPH STARKE IN AWOS
AWOS STATION KOXI KNOX - STARKE CO. AIRPORT.
0335 PM TSTM WND DMG 2 S DONALDSON 41.34N 86.44W
08/29/2022 MARSHALL IN EMERGENCY MNGR
TWO LARGE TREES ACROSS THE ROAD.
0340 PM TSTM WND DMG 1 S GULIVOIRE PARK 41.60N 86.24W
08/29/2022 ST. JOSEPH IN TRAINED SPOTTER
POWER POLE DOWN WITH A POWERLINE IN THE
STREET.
0345 PM TSTM WND DMG 2 W VANMETER PARK 41.08N 86.60W
08/29/2022 PULASKI IN PUBLIC
LARGE TREE DOWN.
0345 PM TSTM WND DMG MEXICO 40.81N 86.11W
08/29/2022 MIAMI IN PUBLIC
LARGE TREE DOWN IN THIS NEIGHBORHOOD.
0345 PM TSTM WND DMG 1 SSE PLYMOUTH 41.33N 86.31W
08/29/2022 MARSHALL IN BROADCAST MEDIA
LARGE TREE DOWN IN THE ROAD.
0345 PM TSTM WND DMG PLYMOUTH 41.34N 86.30W
08/29/2022 MARSHALL IN BROADCAST MEDIA
TREE DOWN ON A HOUSE AT EWING AND BALIS
STREETS. TIME ESTIMATED FROM RADAR.
0345 PM TSTM WND DMG ARGOS 41.24N 86.25W
08/29/2022 MARSHALL IN PUBLIC
LARGE TREE BRANCH SNAPPED, ESTIMATED TO BE 2
FT IN DIAMETER. TIME ESTIMATED FROM RADAR.
0345 PM TSTM WND DMG GRASS CREEK 40.95N 86.40W
08/29/2022 FULTON IN TRAINED SPOTTER
8 INCH IN DIAMETER TREE DOWN IN YARD.
0351 PM TSTM WND DMG 1 WSW ROCHESTER 41.06N 86.22W
08/29/2022 FULTON IN BROADCAST MEDIA
PICTURE OF WEST FACING FOOTBALL SCOREBOARD
BENT TO GROUND AT ROCHESTER HIGH SCHOOL.
0355 PM TSTM WND DMG 1 S MONOQUET 41.29N 85.86W
08/29/2022 KOSCIUSKO IN NWS EMPLOYEE
NWS EMPLOYEE REPORTS 45-50 MPH WIND GUSTS,
WITH SMALL BRANCHES DOWN OF 1-3 INCHES IN
DIAMETER.
0355 PM TSTM WND DMG 2 SSW FULTON 40.91N 86.28W
08/29/2022 FULTON IN PUBLIC
REPORT OF TREE ONTO VEHICLE WITH AT LEAST 1
PERSON TRAPPED.
0400 PM TSTM WND DMG THREE RIVERS 41.94N 85.63W
08/29/2022 ST. JOSEPH MI TRAINED SPOTTER
TREES DOWN IN AND AROUND THE CITY.
0405 PM TSTM WND GST 1 N MILFORD 41.42N 85.85W
08/29/2022 M58 MPH KOSCIUSKO IN MESONET
MESONET STATION GW0734 MILFORD.
0405 PM TSTM WND DMG 3 NNE CLAYPOOL 41.16N 85.87W
08/29/2022 KOSCIUSKO IN 911 CALL CENTER
SCANNER TRAFFIC INDICATED TREE DOWN ONTO A
VEHICLE WITH 2 TRAPPED.
0409 PM TSTM WND GST 1 NNE WINONA LAKE 41.24N 85.80W
08/29/2022 E60 MPH KOSCIUSKO IN NWS EMPLOYEE
CORRECTS PREVIOUS TSTM WND GST REPORT FROM 1
NNE WINONA LAKE. ESTIMATED 60 MPH WIND GUST
AS WELL AS TREE DOWN NEAR GETTYSBUTG CT AND
WALNUT ST.
0410 PM TSTM WND DMG 2 SE WINONA LAKE 41.20N 85.79W
08/29/2022 KOSCIUSKO IN NWS EMPLOYEE
TREES DOWN IN THIS NEIGHBORHOOD. SOME OF
THEM BLOCKING STREETS.
0410 PM TSTM WND DMG 2 N WARSAW 41.26N 85.84W
08/29/2022 KOSCIUSKO IN PUBLIC
PICTURE SHARED OF TREE LIMB DOWN AT 920
ANCHORAGE RD. TIME ESTIMATED BY RADAR.
0413 PM TSTM WND GST 2 S GRISSOM AFB 40.63N 86.15W
08/29/2022 M55 MPH MIAMI IN AWOS
AWOS STATION KGUS GRISSOM AFB PERU.
0415 PM TSTM WND DMG WARSAW 41.24N 85.85W
08/29/2022 KOSCIUSKO IN PUBLIC
TREE LIMBS SNAPPED AT 920 ANCHORAGE ROAD IN
WARSAW. ESTIMATED TO BE 1 TO 2 FT IN
DIAMETER.
0415 PM TSTM WND DMG 1 NNE LAKE WAWASEE 41.41N 85.69W
08/29/2022 KOSCIUSKO IN PUBLIC
TREE LIMBS DOWN.
0420 PM TSTM WND DMG LARWILL 41.17N 85.62W
08/29/2022 WHITLEY IN EMERGENCY MNGR
TREE ONTO POWER LINES.
0420 PM TSTM WND DMG 1 WNW TRI-LAKES 41.23N 85.50W
08/29/2022 WHITLEY IN EMERGENCY MNGR
TREES ONTO POWER LINES.
0420 PM TSTM WND DMG SOUTH WHITLEY 41.09N 85.63W
08/29/2022 WHITLEY IN EMERGENCY MNGR
REPORTS OF TREES DOWN FROM LAW ENFORCEMENT
ON 300 AND 400 SOUTH. TREE ONTO HOUSE IN
SOUTH WHITLEY ON BROADSTREET,.
0420 PM TSTM WND GST 1 E LAGRANGE 41.64N 85.40W
08/29/2022 E59 MPH LAGRANGE IN TRAINED SPOTTER
0425 PM TSTM WND DMG PERU 40.75N 86.07W
08/29/2022 MIAMI IN TRAINED SPOTTER
TREE LIMBS DOWN IN THE AREA. SPOTTER
ESTIMATED 55 MPH WINDS.
0425 PM TSTM WND DMG PERU 40.75N 86.07W
08/29/2022 MIAMI IN EMERGENCY MNGR
SEVERAL TREES AND TREE LIMBS, SOME ONTO
POWER LINES AND POLES WERE FOUND IN PERU,
ESPECIALLY IN THE AREA OF STATE ROUTES 19
AND 24. A FEW STRUCTURES LOST ROOFS AS WELL.
0426 PM TSTM WND DMG COLUMBIA CITY 41.16N 85.49W
08/29/2022 WHITLEY IN EMERGENCY MNGR
TREE DOWN AT 954 W DELL RD.
0429 PM TSTM WND DMG 3 ENE DISKO 41.02N 85.89W
08/29/2022 WABASH IN PUBLIC
PUBLIC REPORTED DAMAGE TO HOUSES FROM
THUNDERSTORM WINDS JUST WEST OF NORTH
MANCHESTER INDIANA IN WABASH COUNTY.
0430 PM TSTM WND DMG 2 NNE BLUE LAKE 41.26N 85.34W
08/29/2022 NOBLE IN EMERGENCY MNGR
TREE DOWN ONTO POWER LINES. TIME ESTIMATED
BY RADAR.
0435 PM TSTM WND DMG 3 NE LEONIDAS 42.06N 85.30W
08/29/2022 ST. JOSEPH MI PUBLIC
LARGE TREE DOWN.
0435 PM TSTM WND DMG 4 WSW COLUMBIA CITY 41.16N 85.49W
08/29/2022 WHITLEY IN PUBLIC
SEVERAL LARGE PINE TREES SNAPPED. TIME
ESTIMATED FROM RADAR.
0435 PM TSTM WND DMG SOUTH WHITLEY 41.09N 85.63W
08/29/2022 WHITLEY IN PUBLIC
VARIOUS TREES DOWN IN THE AREA. A FEW OF
THEM IN THE ROAD.
0435 PM TSTM WND DMG 1 W LAKE JAMES 41.71N 85.07W
08/29/2022 STEUBEN IN EMERGENCY MNGR
WESTERN SIDE OF THE COUNTY HAS NUMEROUS
LINES LIMBS AND BRANCHES DOWN INCLUDING THIS
AREA.
0438 PM TSTM WND GST 4 SSW HUNTINGTON 40.83N 85.53W
08/29/2022 M57 MPH HUNTINGTON IN MESONET
MESONET STATION CW9663 HUNTINGTON.
0440 PM TSTM WND DMG WABASH 40.80N 85.83W
08/29/2022 WABASH IN PUBLIC
LARGE TREE DOWN LAYING ON CAR.
0440 PM TSTM WND DMG HUNTINGTON 40.88N 85.50W
08/29/2022 HUNTINGTON IN EMERGENCY MNGR
MULTIPLE REPORTS OF TREES AND LIMBS DOWN IN
THE CITY. A STOP LIGHT IS ALSO DOWN.
SPOTTERS WERE ALSO ESTIMATING 50 MPH GUSTS
AS THE LINE WENT THROUGH.
0443 PM TSTM WND DMG 2 NNW CHURUBUSCO 41.23N 85.32W
08/29/2022 WHITLEY IN AMATEUR RADIO
HEALTHY 15 INCH DIAMETER TREE BROKEN AT BASE
REPORTED BY AMATEUR RADIO.
0443 PM TSTM WND GST CHURUBUSCO 41.23N 85.32W
08/29/2022 M49 MPH WHITLEY IN AMATEUR RADIO
0443 PM TSTM WND DMG GARRETT 41.35N 85.14W
08/29/2022 DE KALB IN TRAINED SPOTTER
SILVER SCREEN OUTDOOR MOVIE THEATER HAS 1/2
THE SCREEN TORN OUT ON SR 8 NORTH OF GARRETT
INDIANA. TIME ESTIMATED VIA RADAR.
0445 PM TSTM WND DMG 1 S ANGOLA 41.64N 85.00W
08/29/2022 STEUBEN IN EMERGENCY MNGR
TREE LIMBS AND POWERLINES DOWN. ONE TREE WAS
LAYING ON A VEHICLE, BUT NO INJURIES WERE
REPORTED.
0445 PM TSTM WND DMG 1 S FREMONT 41.73N 84.93W
08/29/2022 STEUBEN IN TRAINED SPOTTER
1 FOOT TREE BRANCHES DOWN IN SOUTH FREMONT.
0445 PM TSTM WND DMG 1 W TURKEY LAKE 41.59N 85.19W
08/29/2022 STEUBEN IN PUBLIC
3 INCH BRANCH DOWN ON POWER LINE ON 1000W.
TIME ESTIMATED VIA RADAR.
0447 PM TSTM WND DMG 3 ESE ARCOLA 41.09N 85.23W
08/29/2022 ALLEN IN AMATEUR RADIO
4 INCH TREE LIMB DOWN, BASS ROAD NEAR SCOTT
RD. TIME ESTIMATED VIA RADAR.
0451 PM TSTM WND GST 1 SW FORT WAYNE 41.06N 85.16W
08/29/2022 E55 MPH ALLEN IN AMATEUR RADIO
0453 PM TSTM WND DMG SOUTH WHITLEY 41.09N 85.63W
08/29/2022 WHITLEY IN EMERGENCY MNGR
TREES DOWN ON ROAD AT 204 N SHORT ST.
0454 PM TSTM WND DMG 2 S LAOTTO 41.29N 85.20W
08/29/2022 NOBLE IN PUBLIC
1 TO 2 INCH BRANCHES DOWN ONTO STATE ROAD 3.
0455 PM TSTM WND GST 1 WNW SILVER LAKE 41.63N 85.08W
08/29/2022 M60 MPH STEUBEN IN AWOS
AWOS STATION KANQ ANGOLA.
0455 PM TSTM WND GST 2 NNE MICHAELSVILLE 40.48N 85.68W
08/29/2022 M54 MPH GRANT IN AWOS
AWOS STATION KMZZ GRANT COUNTY MUNICIPAL
APT.
0455 PM TSTM WND GST 3 ESE SAINT JOHNS 41.30N 85.07W
08/29/2022 M59 MPH DE KALB IN AWOS
AWOS STATION KGWB AUBURN DEKALB C.
0455 PM TSTM WND DMG 2 S ARCOLA 41.07N 85.29W
08/29/2022 ALLEN IN AMATEUR RADIO
4 INCH TREE LIMB DOWN AT ILLINOIS RD. AT
SYCAMORE HILLS PARKWAY.
0455 PM TSTM WND GST 5 NNW NEW HAVEN 41.13N 85.06W
08/29/2022 M66 MPH ALLEN IN TRAINED SPOTTER
0455 PM TSTM WND DMG 3 NNE FORT WAYNE 41.11N 85.11W
08/29/2022 ALLEN IN AMATEUR RADIO
8-10 TREE INCH LIMB DOWN, KIRKLAND AVE. NEAR
CRESCENT AVE. TIME ESTIMATED VIA RADAR.
0500 PM TSTM WND GST 2 WSW EDGERTON 41.43N 84.79W
08/29/2022 M41 MPH WILLIAMS OH PUBLIC
0500 PM TSTM WND DMG HILLSDALE 41.92N 84.63W
08/29/2022 HILLSDALE MI EMERGENCY MNGR
SEVERAL REPORTS OF TREES AND WIRES DOWN
WITHIN THE COUNTY.
0500 PM TSTM WND DMG 1 WNW WALLEN 41.17N 85.18W
08/29/2022 ALLEN IN EMERGENCY MNGR
SEVERAL DISPATCH CALLS REGARDING TREE LIMBS
ON POWER LINES, RESULTING IN POWER OUTAGES,
DOWNED POWER LINES, AND AND INOPERABLE
TRAFFIC LIGHTS ON THE NORTHWEST SIDE OF
ALLEN COUNTY.
0505 PM TSTM WND DMG NEW HAVEN 41.07N 85.03W
08/29/2022 ALLEN IN AMATEUR RADIO
4 INCH TREE BRANCHES ON ROADWAY AND HOUSE,
CANAL STREET EAST OF EBEN STREET.
0510 PM TSTM WND GST 3 SW BRIDGEWATER CENTER 41.63N 84.67W
08/29/2022 E60 MPH WILLIAMS OH TRAINED SPOTTER
ESTIMATED 50 TO 60 MPH.
0510 PM TSTM WND GST 1 ENE MOSCOW 42.06N 84.49W
08/29/2022 E60 MPH HILLSDALE MI TRAINED SPOTTER
SPOTTER REPORT OF 60 MPH WIND GUST NEAR
MOSCOW MICHIGAN IN HILLSDALE COUNTY.
0513 PM TSTM WND DMG 2 WSW MONTPELIER 41.57N 84.63W
08/29/2022 WILLIAMS OH AMATEUR RADIO
NUMEROUS TREES DOWN IN AREA OF CO RD K AND
CO RD 10. TIME ESTIMATED VIA RADAR.
0515 PM TSTM WND DMG 2 WSW MONTPELIER 41.57N 84.63W
08/29/2022 WILLIAMS OH EMERGENCY MNGR
CORRECTS PREVIOUS TSTM WND DMG REPORT FROM 2
WSW MONTPELIER. NUMEROUS TREES DOWN BLOCKING
THE ROAD.
0515 PM TSTM WND DMG 2 ESE BRIDGEWATER CENTE 41.64N 84.59W
08/29/2022 WILLIAMS OH TRAINED SPOTTER
TREE LIMBS DOWN WEST OF PIONEER ON US-20.
0520 PM TSTM WND DMG CECIL 41.22N 84.60W
08/29/2022 PAULDING OH EMERGENCY MNGR
EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT REPORTS 8 POWER POLES
DOWNED AND 2 TREES DAMAGED DUE TO STRAIGHT
LINE THUNDERSTORM WINDS NEAR CECIL, OHIO IN
PAULDING COUNTY.
0525 PM TSTM WND DMG FAYETTE 41.67N 84.33W
08/29/2022 FULTON OH TRAINED SPOTTER
LARGE TREE LIMB BLOCKING A ROAD.
0530 PM TSTM WND DMG ANTWERP 41.18N 84.74W
08/29/2022 PAULDING OH PUBLIC
3 TO 6 INCH TREE LIMBS DOWN ACROSS THE TOWN.
0532 PM TSTM WND DMG DEFIANCE 41.28N 84.36W
08/29/2022 DEFIANCE OH TRAINED SPOTTER
SEVERAL TREES AND TREE LIMBS DOWN IN AND
AROUND DEFIANCE.
0544 PM TSTM WND DMG 2 W DENSON 41.70N 84.19W
08/29/2022 FULTON OH TRAINED SPOTTER
SEVERAL TREE LIMBS DOWN ON COUNTY ROAD 16-3
BETWEEN COUNTY ROADS T AND TU.
0555 PM TSTM WND DMG 2 WSW GALLUP 41.45N 84.17W
08/29/2022 HENRY OH PUBLIC
VARIOUS INSTANCES OF TREE DAMAGE AND POWER
POLE DAMAGE WITH LINES IN THE ACROSS THE
COUNTY INCLUDING AT THIS LOCATION.
0835 PM TSTM WND GST 3 S LOGANSPORT 40.72N 86.37W
08/29/2022 M51 MPH CASS IN AWOS
AWOS STATION KGGP LOGANSPORT.
&&
$$
Rain Reports
PUBLIC INFORMATION STATEMENT NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE NORTHERN INDIANA 1202 PM EDT TUE AUG 30 2022 ...PRECIPITATION REPORTS... LOCATION AMOUNT TIME/DATE LAT/LON ...INDIANA... ...ADAMS COUNTY... 0.8 N LINN GROVE 0.24 IN 1045 AM 08/30 40.66N/85.03W ...ALLEN COUNTY... FORT WAYNE 1.0 NE 1.54 IN 0517 AM 08/30 41.08N/85.13W NEW HAVEN 4.4 NE 1.33 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.12N/84.98W FORT WAYNE 5.0 ENE 1.21 IN 0848 AM 08/30 41.11N/85.05W WOODBURN 2.8 WSW 1.15 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.12N/84.91W FORT WAYNE 5.7 NE 0.93 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.13N/85.06W FORT WAYNE 8.7 W 0.92 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.08N/85.31W FORT WAYNE 10.1 WSW 0.83 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.03N/85.32W FORT WAYNE 6.0 N 0.83 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.16N/85.13W FORT WAYNE 4.1 NE 0.81 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.12N/85.09W FORT WAYNE 1.9 S 0.79 IN 0430 AM 08/30 41.05N/85.14W FORT WAYNE 2.6 NE 0.77 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.10N/85.11W FORT WAYNE 2.6 NW 0.70 IN 0930 AM 08/30 41.10N/85.18W FORT WAYNE 10.4 N 0.66 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.22N/85.14W FORT WAYNE 7.1 WSW 0.66 IN 0730 AM 08/30 41.05N/85.27W FORT WAYNE 9.0 NNE 0.63 IN 0934 AM 08/30 41.19N/85.07W FORT WAYNE 8.0 N 0.62 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.19N/85.11W FORT WAYNE 1.6 S 0.61 IN 0800 AM 08/30 41.05N/85.14W FORT WAYNE INTERNATIONAL AP 0.44 IN 1054 AM 08/30 40.98N/85.18W FORT WAYNE 7.6 SE 0.43 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.01N/85.02W FORT WAYNE 9.1 SE 0.31 IN 0700 AM 08/30 40.99N/85.00W WOODBURN 2.6 NNW 0.31 IN 0900 AM 08/30 41.16N/84.88W HOAGLAND 1.5 SSW 0.22 IN 0723 AM 08/30 40.93N/85.00W WOODBURN 0.22 IN 1130 AM 08/30 41.14N/84.86W MONROEVILLE 0.2 ESE 0.12 IN 0700 AM 08/30 40.97N/84.86W ...BLACKFORD COUNTY... HARTFORD CITY 4 ESE 0.52 IN 0800 AM 08/30 40.44N/85.29W HARTFORD CITY 0.2 NNW (WB9HL 0.37 IN 0800 AM 08/30 40.46N/85.37W ...CASS COUNTY... 2 S DUNKIRK 2.35 IN 0652 AM 08/30 40.72N/86.39W YOUNG AMERICA 1.67 IN 0800 AM 08/30 40.57N/86.33W WALTON 1.00 IN 1130 AM 08/30 40.66N/86.22W GALVESTON 0.82 IN 1130 AM 08/30 40.56N/86.19W ...DE KALB COUNTY... 0.6 S GARRETT 0.84 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.34N/85.13W GARRETT 0.9 NW 0.69 IN 0800 AM 08/30 41.36N/85.14W 1.7 SE BUTLER 0.46 IN 0915 AM 08/30 41.41N/84.85W GARRETT 0.40 IN 1140 AM 08/30 41.33N/85.13W ...ELKHART COUNTY... NEW PARIS 1.0 SW 0.91 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.49N/85.84W LIGONIER 4.3 WNW 0.83 IN 0800 AM 08/30 41.48N/85.67W SYRACUSE 4.4 NNW 0.74 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.48N/85.77W WAKARUSA 2.4 NNE 0.61 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.57N/85.99W GOSHEN 1.8 SE 0.59 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.56N/85.81W ELKHART 4.8 SW 0.58 IN 0600 AM 08/30 41.64N/86.04W GOSHEN 1.4 SSE 0.58 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.56N/85.83W JAMESTOWN 0.58 IN 1138 AM 08/30 41.64N/86.04W GOSHEN 3.0 WSW 0.55 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.56N/85.88W GOSHEN 1.2 SW 0.52 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.57N/85.85W GOSHEN 3.5 NNW 0.45 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.62N/85.87W MIDDLEBURY 2.6 WSW 0.42 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.66N/85.76W GOSHEN 6.8 NE 0.41 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.65N/85.75W GOSHEN 4.6 N 0.40 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.64N/85.83W ELKHART MUNICIPA 0.38 IN 1135 AM 08/30 41.72N/86.00W GOSHEN 2.8 NNE 0.37 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.61N/85.81W GOSHEN 0.3 NE 0.35 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.58N/85.83W ELKHART 3.5 ENE 0.33 IN 0800 AM 08/30 41.70N/85.90W ...FULTON COUNTY... ROCHESTER 2.4 NW 1.44 IN 0600 AM 08/30 41.09N/86.23W AKRON 1.33 IN 0643 AM 08/30 41.05N/86.03W ROCHESTER 1.20 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.07N/86.21W KEWANNA 4.9 S 1.19 IN 0700 AM 08/30 40.95N/86.41W ATHENS 1.17 IN 1140 AM 08/30 41.07N/86.13W ...GRANT COUNTY... MARION 6.5 N 0.52 IN 0700 AM 08/30 40.64N/85.69W MARION 1.8 NW 0.52 IN 0730 AM 08/30 40.57N/85.69W MARION 5.6 NE 0.45 IN 0600 AM 08/30 40.60N/85.59W GRANT COUNTY MUNICIPAL APT 0.43 IN 1135 AM 08/30 40.48N/85.68W REXFORD 0.29 IN 1122 AM 08/30 40.59N/85.67W ...HUNTINGTON COUNTY... 2.4 NW WARREN 1.05 IN 1045 AM 08/30 40.71N/85.45W 1.8 S HUNTINGTON 0.68 IN 0630 AM 08/30 40.86N/85.50W HUNTINGTON 2 NW 0.65 IN 1139 AM 08/30 40.93N/85.55W HUNTINGTON 1.2 ENE 0.64 IN 0700 AM 08/30 40.89N/85.48W 2 NNW HUNTINGTON 0.52 IN 1140 AM 08/30 40.91N/85.53W MARKLE 0.41 IN 1133 AM 08/30 40.82N/85.41W HUNTINGTON 0.40 IN 1135 AM 08/30 40.85N/85.45W ...JAY COUNTY... PORTLAND 2.3 S 0.35 IN 0700 AM 08/30 40.40N/84.98W PORTLAND 0.33 IN 1130 AM 08/30 40.43N/85.03W REDKEY 0.6 SE 0.23 IN 0700 AM 08/30 40.34N/85.14W ...KOSCIUSKO COUNTY... 5.5 NNE WARSAW 2.54 IN 0605 AM 08/30 41.33N/85.77W LEESBURG 0.1 WNW 2.04 IN 0600 AM 08/30 41.33N/85.85W LEESBURG 6.7 ESE 2.03 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.31N/85.72W LEESBURG 1.79 IN 1139 AM 08/30 41.31N/85.72W WINONA LAKE 0.9 SW 1.64 IN 0630 AM 08/30 41.21N/85.83W 2.3 N NORTH WEBSTER 1.62 IN 0800 AM 08/30 41.36N/85.70W NORTH WEBSTER 2.3 N 1.56 IN 0800 AM 08/30 41.36N/85.70W MILFORD 2.7 SSW 1.54 IN 0600 AM 08/30 41.38N/85.87W 1.7 SSW WARSAW 1.51 IN 1130 AM 08/30 41.21N/85.87W WARSAW 2.2 E 1.48 IN 0758 AM 08/30 41.24N/85.80W WARSAW 1.2 NNE 1.47 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.25N/85.84W WARSAW 3.7 E 1.40 IN 0730 AM 08/30 41.23N/85.78W CLAYPOOL 1.2 E 1.39 IN 0554 AM 08/30 41.13N/85.86W WINONA LAKE 1.2 E 1.37 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.22N/85.79W WARSAW 3.0 SE 1.36 IN 0800 AM 08/30 41.21N/85.80W WARSAW 1.4 N 1.22 IN 0630 AM 08/30 41.26N/85.85W CROMWELL 2.9 W 1.20 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.40N/85.67W NE TULARE 1.14 IN 1136 AM 08/30 41.20N/85.71W SYRACUSE 3.0 ESE 1.13 IN 0800 AM 08/30 41.41N/85.70W MILFORD 0.9 N 0.99 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.42N/85.85W MILFORD 0.97 IN 1135 AM 08/30 41.42N/85.85W WARSAW 5.3 WNW 0.84 IN 0900 AM 08/30 41.27N/85.94W SYRACUSE 0.75 IN 1145 AM 08/30 41.42N/85.76W 1 SW SEVASTOPOL 0.54 IN 1144 AM 08/30 41.11N/86.04W ...LA PORTE COUNTY... MILL CREEK 1.9 NNE 1.03 IN 0511 AM 08/30 41.61N/86.52W LA PORTE 2.3 ESE 0.71 IN 0930 AM 08/30 41.59N/86.68W WANATAH 4.4 ESE 0.60 IN 0900 AM 08/30 41.41N/86.81W 0.8 W LA PORTE 0.57 IN 1258 AM 08/30 41.61N/86.73W LA PORTE 6.8 SW 0.55 IN 0800 AM 08/30 41.55N/86.82W TRAIL CREEK 3.0 SE 0.51 IN 0800 AM 08/30 41.67N/86.81W WANATAH 3.0 ENE 0.45 IN 0800 AM 08/30 41.44N/86.83W 1 W MICHIGAN CITY 0.43 IN 1145 AM 08/30 41.71N/86.90W LA PORTE 1.6 SW 0.41 IN 0800 AM 08/30 41.59N/86.73W LA CROSSE 1.2 W 0.30 IN 0800 AM 08/30 41.32N/86.91W LA PORTE 0.29 IN 1135 AM 08/30 41.57N/86.73W LA CROSSE 3.2 NW 0.25 IN 0800 AM 08/30 41.35N/86.93W ...LAGRANGE COUNTY... WOLCOTTVILLE 1.1 WNW 0.55 IN 0659 AM 08/30 41.53N/85.39W LAGRANGE 9.6 ESE 0.53 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.59N/85.24W LAGRANGE 0.50 IN 1140 AM 08/30 41.65N/85.40W LAGRANGE 1.3 ENE 0.43 IN 0725 AM 08/30 41.65N/85.40W LAGRANGE 9.9 E 0.36 IN 0800 AM 08/30 41.65N/85.23W LAGRANGE 4.6 ESE 0.36 IN 0835 AM 08/30 41.62N/85.34W ORLAND 6.6 SSW 0.30 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.64N/85.20W ...MARSHALL COUNTY... MENTONE 1.33 IN 1122 AM 08/30 41.18N/86.08W TIPPECANOE 0.8 S 1.28 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.20N/86.11W PLYMOUTH 2.5 WSW 1.03 IN 0500 AM 08/30 41.33N/86.36W BREMEN 3.9 WSW 1.03 IN 0900 AM 08/30 41.43N/86.23W ...MIAMI COUNTY... MACY 2.7 SSE 1.55 IN 0700 AM 08/30 40.92N/86.12W DENVER 1.3 NE 1.11 IN 0700 AM 08/30 40.88N/86.06W DENVER 0.5 SSE 1.05 IN 0700 AM 08/30 40.86N/86.07W SANTA FE 0.87 IN 1139 AM 08/30 40.64N/85.99W GRISSOM AFB PERU 0.85 IN 1055 AM 08/30 40.63N/86.15W PERU 4.6 SSE 0.76 IN 0600 AM 08/30 40.70N/86.02W 0.8 NW PERU 0.74 IN 0700 AM 08/30 40.76N/86.07W AMBOY 0.61 IN 1131 AM 08/30 40.59N/85.98W 2 E BUNKER HILL 0.60 IN 1145 AM 08/30 40.65N/86.06W PERU 0.51 IN 1145 AM 08/30 40.76N/86.07W ...NOBLE COUNTY... KENDALLVILLE 3.2 N 1.15 IN 0616 AM 08/30 41.49N/85.26W ALBION 0.3 N 0.93 IN 0800 AM 08/30 41.40N/85.42W 1 WSW MERRIAM 0.92 IN 1130 AM 08/30 41.28N/85.47W ALBION 9.5 SSW 0.83 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.28N/85.51W KENDALLVILLE 2.2 SW 0.82 IN 0800 AM 08/30 41.42N/85.29W KENDALLVILLE 4.5 NW 0.80 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.50N/85.31W ALBION 3.7 S 0.76 IN 0930 AM 08/30 41.34N/85.42W ALBION 2.8 ENE 0.75 IN 0800 AM 08/30 41.40N/85.37W ...PULASKI COUNTY... 1.3 SW ORA 2.16 IN 1045 AM 08/30 41.16N/86.56W FRANCESVILLE 1.33 IN 0800 AM 08/30 40.98N/86.89W MONTEREY 1.12 IN 1130 AM 08/30 41.11N/86.52W ...ST. JOSEPH COUNTY... WALKERTON 5.7 ENE 0.87 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.50N/86.39W NEW CARLISLE 0.78 IN 0730 AM 08/30 41.71N/86.50W MISHAWAKA 3.9 ENE 0.65 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.68N/86.10W GRANGER 1.8 ENE 0.64 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.75N/86.11W SOUTH BEND 0.61 IN 1136 AM 08/30 41.64N/86.23W SOUTH BEND 3.3 SE 0.60 IN 0800 AM 08/30 41.64N/86.23W SOUTH BEND 4.6 SE 0.56 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.62N/86.22W OSCEOLA 0.55 IN 1136 AM 08/30 41.71N/86.08W SOUTH BEND 4.0 SSW 0.53 IN 0800 AM 08/30 41.63N/86.31W SOUTH BEND INTERNATIONAL AP 0.53 IN 1054 AM 08/30 41.70N/86.32W MISHAWAKA 2.0 E 0.39 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.66N/86.13W OSCEOLA 0.35 IN 1133 AM 08/30 41.64N/86.06W MISHAWAKA 0.34 IN 1130 AM 08/30 41.65N/86.13W ...STARKE COUNTY... (KB9GPW)NORTH JUDSON 3.9 SW 2.57 IN 0720 AM 08/30 41.18N/86.83W 3.2 SE NORTH JUDSON 1.55 IN 0800 AM 08/30 41.17N/86.76W WINONA 1.04 IN 0800 AM 08/30 41.24N/86.57W 3.5 N BREMS 0.44 IN 1100 AM 08/30 41.39N/86.71W ...STEUBEN COUNTY... ANGOLA 0.90 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.64N/84.99W ANGOLA 4.5 W 0.68 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.63N/85.09W HUDSON 4.1 NNW 0.59 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.59N/85.10W HUDSON 4.6 N 0.59 IN 0715 AM 08/30 41.60N/85.09W HUDSON 0.3 SE 0.54 IN 0820 AM 08/30 41.53N/85.08W HAMILTON 1.7 E 0.50 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.53N/84.89W ANGOLA 0.43 IN 1133 AM 08/30 41.66N/85.02W ANGOLA 4.1 N 0.37 IN 0545 AM 08/30 41.70N/84.99W ANGOLA 8.7 ESE 0.26 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.61N/84.84W 0.7 E HAMILTON 0.26 IN 1145 AM 08/30 41.53N/84.90W ANGOLA 6.2 NW 0.24 IN 0730 AM 08/30 41.71N/85.07W ANGOLA 0.23 IN 1135 AM 08/30 41.63N/85.09W ANGOLA 8.8 ESE 0.22 IN 0800 AM 08/30 41.62N/84.83W ...WABASH COUNTY... WABASH 1.5 SW 0.73 IN 0700 AM 08/30 40.78N/85.84W LA FONTAINE 1.1 NW 0.64 IN 0600 AM 08/30 40.68N/85.74W SOMERSET 0.60 IN 1140 AM 08/30 40.66N/85.81W 0.7 SE WABASH 0.58 IN 1130 AM 08/30 40.79N/85.82W ROANN 0.58 IN 1131 AM 08/30 40.89N/85.92W LA FONTAINE 0.58 IN 1139 AM 08/30 40.66N/85.79W LA FONTAINE 0.3 SE 0.53 IN 0700 AM 08/30 40.67N/85.72W ...WELLS COUNTY... MARKLE 5.1 NE 0.41 IN 0700 AM 08/30 40.89N/85.28W CRAIGVILLE 2.7 NW 0.25 IN 0800 AM 08/30 40.80N/85.13W BLUFFTON 0.9 SE 0.16 IN 0700 AM 08/30 40.73N/85.16W ...WHITE COUNTY... NORWAY 2.17 IN 1145 AM 08/30 40.78N/86.76W IDAVILLE 0.2 SW 2.13 IN 0700 AM 08/30 40.76N/86.65W 5.6 N BADGER GROVE 1.93 IN 0700 AM 08/30 40.67N/86.95W MONTICELLO 5.5 NNW 1.63 IN 0800 AM 08/30 40.82N/86.79W BURNETTSVILLE 9.9 NNW 1.46 IN 1017 AM 08/30 40.90N/86.65W 2 WSW WOLCOTT 1.17 IN 1145 AM 08/30 40.74N/87.09W MONTICELLO 0.9 E 1.04 IN 0700 AM 08/30 40.75N/86.75W MONTICELLO 0.75 IN 1145 AM 08/30 40.74N/86.77W ...WHITLEY COUNTY... COLUMBIA CITY 1.5 NNW 1.02 IN 0910 AM 08/30 41.18N/85.49W COLUMBIA CITY 0.2 NE 0.96 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.16N/85.48W COLUMBIA CITY 4.6 S 0.87 IN 0600 AM 08/30 41.09N/85.47W TRI-LAKES 3.0 N 0.80 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.26N/85.49W COLUMBIA CITY 7.4 N 0.75 IN 0634 AM 08/30 41.26N/85.50W COLUMBIA CITY 0.70 IN 1131 AM 08/30 41.25N/85.45W ...MICHIGAN... ...BERRIEN COUNTY... NILES 2.7 W 0.52 IN 0800 AM 08/30 41.84N/86.30W EAU CLAIRE 0.50 IN 1139 AM 08/30 41.99N/86.27W BUCHANAN 1.4 ESE 0.44 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.82N/86.34W 3.7 S WATERVLIET 0.43 IN 1100 AM 08/30 42.13N/86.25W NILES 0.40 IN 1137 AM 08/30 41.83N/86.27W SHOREHAM 2.0 SE 0.34 IN 0800 AM 08/30 42.03N/86.49W THREE OAKS 0.33 IN 1038 AM 08/30 41.81N/86.64W BRIDGMAN 0.31 IN 1140 AM 08/30 41.93N/86.57W ST. JOSEPH 2.8 SSE 0.26 IN 0700 AM 08/30 42.06N/86.47W STEVENSVILLE 1.7 SSE 0.23 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.99N/86.51W BENTON HARBOR 0.18 IN 1053 AM 08/30 42.13N/86.42W ...BRANCH COUNTY... QUINCY 0.3 NE 0.38 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.95N/84.88W ...CASS COUNTY... NILES 3.5 E 0.52 IN 0900 AM 08/30 41.84N/86.18W CASSOPOLIS 9.0 SSE 0.51 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.79N/85.95W 2 NNW EDWARDSBURG 0.44 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.84N/86.10W ...HILLSDALE COUNTY... JONESVILLE 5.9 ENE 0.68 IN 0630 AM 08/30 42.01N/84.56W CAMDEN 0.46 IN 1138 AM 08/30 41.71N/84.65W JEROME 0.45 IN 1139 AM 08/30 42.02N/84.46W HUDSON 3.6 WSW 0.40 IN 0606 AM 08/30 41.84N/84.41W HILLSDALE 2.5 ESE 0.35 IN 0800 AM 08/30 41.91N/84.59W OSSEO 2.7 NE 0.22 IN 0830 AM 08/30 41.90N/84.49W ...ST. JOSEPH COUNTY... STURGIS KIRSCH 0.25 IN 1135 AM 08/30 41.80N/85.43W CONSTANTINE 1.9 E 0.21 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.84N/85.63W THREE RIVERS 2.4 NE 0.20 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.97N/85.60W 2.0 SE MENDON 0.20 IN 1100 AM 08/30 41.98N/85.43W ...OHIO... ...ALLEN COUNTY... LIMA 0.45 IN 1053 AM 08/30 40.70N/84.02W LIMA 7.3 SE 0.42 IN 0700 AM 08/30 40.66N/84.03W LIMA 3.0 SSE 0.29 IN 0600 AM 08/30 40.70N/84.10W LIMA 1 N 0.19 IN 1139 AM 08/30 40.78N/84.12W BLUFFTON 0.15 IN 1136 AM 08/30 40.89N/83.89W DELPHOS 2.3 ESE 0.11 IN 0600 AM 08/30 40.83N/84.30W ...DEFIANCE COUNTY... DEFIANCE 0.12 IN 1053 AM 08/30 41.33N/84.43W ...FULTON COUNTY... SWANTON 4.0 S 1.15 IN 0824 AM 08/30 41.53N/83.91W WAUSEON 2.4 SW 1.10 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.53N/84.17W ARCHBOLD 4.7 NW 1.05 IN 0530 AM 08/30 41.57N/84.36W FAYETTE 4.3 ESE 1.05 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.65N/84.25W WAUSEON 3.2 NE 1.00 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.58N/84.10W WAUSEON 1.8 S 0.85 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.53N/84.14W TEDROW 0.22 IN 1130 AM 08/30 41.62N/84.19W 4.6 SW MORENCI (R2) (R2) 0.14 IN 1100 AM 08/30 41.66N/84.25W ...HENRY COUNTY... LIBERTY CENTER 0.3 NE 0.87 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.45N/84.00W NAPOLEON 4.5 NNW 0.84 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.46N/84.15W NAPOLEON 1 SW 0.60 IN 0730 AM 08/30 41.38N/84.15W NAPOLEON 0.6 WSW 0.51 IN 0800 AM 08/30 41.39N/84.14W NEW BAVARIA 2.3 WSW 0.33 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.19N/84.21W MCCLURE 3.4 SSE 0.25 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.33N/83.91W ...PUTNAM COUNTY... OTTAWA 1.0 N 0.41 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.04N/84.04W ...VAN WERT COUNTY... 1 WNW VAN WERT 2.22 IN 1144 AM 08/30 40.88N/84.61W VAN WERT 0.12 IN 1140 AM 08/30 40.85N/84.48W VAN WERT 0.10 IN 1136 AM 08/30 40.87N/84.59W ...WILLIAMS COUNTY... ALVORDTON 0.5 E 1.04 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.67N/84.42W 1.2 E BRYAN 1.01 IN 0800 AM 08/30 41.46N/84.53W BRYAN 2.1 NW 0.91 IN 0630 AM 08/30 41.49N/84.58W PIONEER 2.3 S 0.53 IN 0700 AM 08/30 41.65N/84.55W OBSERVATIONS ARE COLLECTED FROM A VARIETY OF SOURCES WITH VARYING EQUIPMENT AND EXPOSURES. WE THANK ALL VOLUNTEER WEATHER OBSERVERS FOR THEIR DEDICATION. NOT ALL DATA LISTED ARE CONSIDERED OFFICIAL. $$
Environment
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| Figure 1: Surface based CAPE from 1-hr RAP forecast valid 2pm ET Aug 29th. Note the axis of extreme instability (5000 J/kg nosing into northern Indiana) | Figure 2: RAP 1-hr 850 mb forecast valid 2pm ET Aug 29th. Note the pocket of high 850 mb dew points moving into local area from western Great Lakes (+19 deg C dew points @ 850 mb) | Figure 3: RAP 1-hr forecast of 850 mb moisture transport valid 2pm ET Aug 29th. Extreme moisture transport noted across the Great Lakes region extending into northern Indiana. |
Near-storm environment summary.
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| Figure 4: RAP 1-hr forecast of precipitable water valid 2pm ET Aug 29th. Anomalously high PWATS moved into northern Indiana preceding the cold front. | Figure 5: RAP 1-hr forecast of surface temperatures and dew points valid 2PM Aug 29th. Note the strong thermal gradient from the Mid MS Valley to the southern Great Lakes. This was favorable setup for thunderstorm formation. | Figure 6: RAP 1-hr forecast of mid level lapse rates. The 7-7.5 deg C/km mid level lapse rates were a component that allowed for the extreme surface-based instability. |
Additional environmental data.
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| Figure 7: RAP 1-hr forecast of effective shear valid 2pm ET Aug 29th. Deep layer shear as overall marginal for this event. This allowed for cold pool dominance/outflow with this event. | Figure 8: RAP 1-hr forecast of 0-3km bulk shear valid 2pm ET Aug 29th. Despite weak deep layer, some modest shear values to around 30 knots were noted in the 0-3km layer which may have helped organization of the linear convection. | Figure 9: RAP 1-hr forecast of Downdraft Cape (DCAPE) valid 2pm Aug 29th. An axis of DCAPE 1000-1400 J/kg preceded the line of storms. These values are quite favorable for parcel downward acceleration and strong downdrafts. |
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