Snow Across the Great Lakes, Central Appalachians, and Northeast; Unsettled Weather in the West

Light to moderate snow will continue into Saturday over the Great Lakes, Central Appalachians, and Northeast. This weekend into next week, a series of atmospheric rivers will bring gusty winds, periods of heavy rain, and mountain snow to northern California and the Pacific Northwest. Colder temperatures are in store for the weekend from the Great Lakes to East Coast. Read More >

About the frost depth observations and plots

***Frost Depth data is unofficial and is for informational purposes only***

About the data:

-Frost depth observations are taken using NWS/HAHN frost gauge. More information on this gauge can be found on pages 4 and 5 of: https://www.crh.noaa.gov/Image/mkx/pdf/newsletter/Summer_2013_Vol5_Iss1.pdf

-These plots will be updated every few days through the winter months. For more up to date observations, see:

https://forecast.weather.gov/product.php?site=NWS&issuedby=BUF&product=HYD&format=CI&version=1&glossary=1&highlight=off

-Some locations report a few days per week, while others daily

-The snow is not cleared away around the frost gauges, aside from digging down to the frost gauge in the deeper snow. The snow does add insulation in times of colder weather, so uninsulated surfaces may have a deeper frost level, in times of very cold weather.

About the plots:

Depth and Thaw

-The plots contain 2 elements:

Depth: This element refers to the depth of frost penetration. Observations are denoted by small boxes. If the ground is completely thawed, this will be zero

Thaw: This element refers to the depth that the ground has thawed. Observations are denoted by a small “x”. If there is no frost, or the ground is frozen from the surface to the level of the frost depth, the thaw would be zero.

-Data plots for the same seasons use the same color for both frost depth and the depth of ground thawed.

-An example, using the plot below: for the 2013-2014 season (red lines), around April 7^th, the frost depth was 18 inches, but the ground had started thawing, so the thaw was 14 inches. Therefore the ground was only frozen between 14 inches and 18 inches below the surface. The next day, April 8^th, the ground was completely thawed, and both the frost depth and the thaw went to zero, accounting for the vertical line.

-Another example, On Jan 30^th of 2013 (2012-2013 season), the ground was completely thawed at North Tonawanda. On Jan 30^th 2014, the ground was frozen from the surface to 15 inches, and on Jan 30^th 2015, the ground was only frozen between 4 and 7 inches.